将线段添加到绘图图的简洁方法(使用 python/jupyter 笔记本)?

问题描述

我想用这样的几个水平线段创建一个棒棒糖图 -

I want to create a lollipop plot with several horizontal line segments like this - https://python-graph-gallery.com/184-lollipop-plot-with-2-group. I'd like to use plotly since I prefer the graphics (and easy interactivity) but can't find a succint way.

There's both line graphs (https://plot.ly/python/line-charts/) and you can add lines in the layout (https://plot.ly/python/shapes/#vertical-and-horizontal-lines-positioned-relative-to-the-axes), but both of these solutions require each line segment to be added separately, with about 4-8 lines of code each. While I could just for-loop this, would appreciate if anyone can point me to anything with inbuilt vectorization, like the matplotlib solution (first link)!

Edit: Also tried the following code, to first make the plot ala matplotlib, then convert to plotly. The line segments disappear in the process. Starting to think it's just impossible.

mpl_fig = plt.figure()

# make matplotlib plot - WITH HLINES
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = [5,5]
ax = mpl_fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.hlines(y=my_range, xmin=ordered_df['value1'], xmax=ordered_df['value2'], 
color='grey', alpha=0.4)
ax.scatter(ordered_df['value1'], my_range, color='skyblue', alpha=1, 
label='value1')
ax.scatter(ordered_df['value2'], my_range, color='green', alpha=0.4 , 
label='value2')
ax.legend()

# convert to plotly
plotly_fig = tls.mpl_to_plotly(mpl_fig)
plotly_fig['layout']['xaxis1']['showgrid'] = True
plotly_fig['layout']['xaxis1']['autorange'] = True
plotly_fig['layout']['yaxis1']['showgrid'] = True
plotly_fig['layout']['yaxis1']['autorange'] = True

# plot: hlines disappear :/
iplot(plotly_fig)

解决方案

Plotly doesn't provide a built in vectorization for such chart, because it can be done easily by yourself, see my example based on your provided links:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import plotly.offline as pyo
import plotly.graph_objs as go

# Create a dataframe
value1 = np.random.uniform(size = 20)
value2 = value1 + np.random.uniform(size = 20) / 4
df = pd.DataFrame({'group':list(map(chr, range(65, 85))), 'value1':value1 , 'value2':value2 })

my_range=range(1,len(df.index)+1)

# Add title and axis names
data1 = go.Scatter(
        x=df['value1'],
        y=np.array(my_range),
        mode='markers',
        marker=dict(color='blue')
    )


data2 = go.Scatter(
        x=df['value2'],
        y=np.array(my_range),
        mode='markers',
        marker=dict(color='green')
    )

# Horizontal line shape
shapes=[dict(
        type='line',
        x0 = df['value1'].loc[i],
        y0 = i + 1,
        x1 = df['value2'].loc[i],
        y1 = i + 1,
        line = dict(
            color = 'grey',
            width = 2
        )
    ) for i in range(len(df['value1']))]


layout = go.Layout(
    shapes = shapes,
    title='Lollipop Chart'
)

# Plot the chart
fig = go.Figure([data1, data2], layout)

pyo.plot(fig)

With the result I got: