如何隐藏 plotly yaxis 标题(在 python 中)?

2022-01-21 00:00:00 python plotly data-visualization

问题描述

以下来自 Plotly 的示例供参考:

将 plotly.express 导入为 pxdf = px.data.gapminder().query("大陆 == '欧洲' 和年份 == 2007 和流行 > 2.e6")fig = px.bar(df, y='pop', x='country', text='pop')fig.update_traces(texttemplate='%{text:.2s}', textposition='outside')fig.update_layout(uniformtext_minsize=8, uniformtext_mode='hide')图.show()

如何去掉pop"这个词.

<小时>

我想隐藏'value'的y轴标题.

以下语法不起作用.

fig.update_yaxes(showticklabels=False)

谢谢.

解决方案

解决方案

您需要在 fig.update_yaxes() 内使用 visible=Falsefig.update_layout() 如下.有关更多详细信息,请参阅

B.如何在没有边距空间的情况下创建图形

说,您隐藏了两个轴的标题.默认情况下 plotly仍然会在图形周围留下默认的空间量:这在 Plotly 的文档中称为 margin.

<块引用>

如果你想减少甚至完全去除边距怎么办?

这可以使用 fig.update_layout(margin=dict(l = ..., r = ..., t = ..., b = ...)) 来完成在文档中:

  • C.Plotly 的一个有趣功能:隐藏的速记

    事实证明,Plotly 有一个方便的速记符号允许 dict-flattening 可用于输入参数,例如:

    ## 下面的所有三种方法都是等价的# 没有 dict-flattening# layout = 以 yaxis 为键的 dict布局 = {'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',可见":错误,'showticklabels':错误}}# 部分字典扁平化# layout_yaxis = 带有键名的字典# 标题,可见,showticklabelslayout_yaxis = {'title': 'y-label',可见":错误,'showticklabels':错误}# 完成 dict-flattening# 每个键名的 layout_yaxis_key-namelayout_yaxis_title = 'y-标签'layout_yaxis_visible = Falselayout_yaxis_showticklabels = False

    现在尝试运行以下所有三个并比较输出.

    import plotly.graph_objects as go# 方法一:最短(不太详细)fig = go.Figure(数据=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],layout_title_text=显示自身的图形",layout_yaxis_visible = False,layout_xaxis_title = 'x-标签')图.show()# Method-2: 混合字典和下划线分隔语法fig = go.Figure(数据=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],layout_title_text=显示自身的图形",layout_xaxis_title = 'x-标签',layout_yaxis = {'title': 'y-label',可见":错误,'showticklabels':错误})图.show()# Method-3:完整的dict语法fig = go.Figure(数据=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],layout_title_text=显示自身的图形",布局 = {'xaxis': {'title': 'x-label',可见":是的,'showticklabels': True},'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',可见":错误,'showticklabels':错误}})图.show()

    Editing: The following example from Plotly for reference:

    import plotly.express as px
    
    df = px.data.gapminder().query("continent == 'Europe' and year == 2007 and pop > 2.e6")
    fig = px.bar(df, y='pop', x='country', text='pop')
    fig.update_traces(texttemplate='%{text:.2s}', textposition='outside')
    fig.update_layout(uniformtext_minsize=8, uniformtext_mode='hide')
    fig.show()
    

    How to remove the word 'pop'.


    What I want to hide the y-axis title of'value'.

    The following syntax doesn't work.

    fig.update_yaxes(showticklabels=False)
    

    Thanks.

    解决方案

    Solution

    You need to use visible=False inside fig.update_yaxes() or fig.update_layout() as follows. For more details see the documentation for plotly.graph_objects.Figure.

    # Option-1:  using fig.update_yaxes()
    fig.update_yaxes(visible=False, showticklabels=False)
    
    # Option-2: using fig.update_layout()
    fig.update_layout(yaxis={'visible': False, 'showticklabels': False})
    
    # Option-3: using fig.update_layout() + dict-flattening shorthand
    fig.update_layout(yaxis_visible=False, yaxis_showticklabels=False)
    

    Try doing the following to test this:

    # Set the visibility ON
    fig.update_yaxes(title='y', visible=True, showticklabels=False)
    # Set the visibility OFF
    fig.update_yaxes(title='y', visible=False, showticklabels=False)
    

    A. How to create the figure directly with hidden-yaxis label and tickmarks

    You can do this directly by using the layout keyword and supplying a dict to go.Figure() constructor.

    import plotly.graph_objects as go
    fig = go.Figure(
        data=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],
        layout_title_text="A Figure Displaying Itself",
        layout = {'xaxis': {'title': 'x-label',
                            'visible': True,
                            'showticklabels': True},
                  'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',
                            'visible': False,
                            'showticklabels': False}
                  }
    )
    fig
    

    B. How to create the figure without the margin space around

    Say, you suppressed the titles for both the axes. By default plotly would still leave a default amount of space all around the figure: this is known as the margin in Plotly's documention.

    What if you want to reduce or even completely remove the margin?

    This can be done using fig.update_layout(margin=dict(l = ..., r = ..., t = ..., b = ...)) as mentioned in the documentation:

    • https://plotly.com/python/reference/#layout-margin.

    In the following example, I have reduced the left, right and bottom margins to 10 px and set the top margin to 50 px.

    import plotly.graph_objects as go
    
    fig = go.Figure(
        data=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],
        layout_title_text="A Figure with no axis-title and modified margins",
        layout = {
            'xaxis': {'title': 'x-label',
                    'visible': False,
                    'showticklabels': True},
            'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',
                    'visible': False,
                    'showticklabels': False},
            # specify margins in px
            'margin': dict(
                l = 10,        # left
                r = 10,        # right
                t = 50,        # top
                b = 10,        # bottom
            ),
        },
    )
    fig
    

    C. An Interesting Feature of Plotly: A hidden shorthand

    It turns out that Plotly has a convenient shorthand notation allowing dict-flattening available for input arguments such as this:

    ## ALL THREE METHODS BELOW ARE EQUIVALENT
    
    # No dict-flattening
    # layout = dict with yaxis as key
    layout = {'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',
                        'visible': False,
                        'showticklabels': False}
    }
    
    # Partial dict-flattening
    # layout_yaxis = dict with key-names
    #     title, visible, showticklabels
    layout_yaxis = {'title': 'y-label',
                    'visible': False,
                    'showticklabels': False}
    
    # Complete dict-flattening
    # layout_yaxis_key-name for each of the key-names
    layout_yaxis_title = 'y-label'
    layout_yaxis_visible = False
    layout_yaxis_showticklabels = False
    

    Now try running all three of the following and compare the outputs.

    import plotly.graph_objects as go
    
    # Method-1: Shortest (less detailed)
    fig = go.Figure(
        data=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],
        layout_title_text="A Figure Displaying Itself",
        layout_yaxis_visible = False,
        layout_xaxis_title = 'x-label'
    )
    fig.show()
    
    # Method-2: A hibrid of dicts and underscore-separated-syntax
    fig = go.Figure(
        data=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],
        layout_title_text="A Figure Displaying Itself",
        layout_xaxis_title = 'x-label',
        layout_yaxis = {'title': 'y-label',
                            'visible': False,
                            'showticklabels': False}
    )
    fig.show()
    
    # Method-3: A complete dict syntax
    fig = go.Figure(
        data=[go.Bar(y=[2, 1, 3])],
        layout_title_text="A Figure Displaying Itself",
        layout = {'xaxis': {'title': 'x-label',
                            'visible': True,
                            'showticklabels': True},
                  'yaxis': {'title': 'y-label',
                            'visible': False,
                            'showticklabels': False}
                  }
    )
    fig.show()
    

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