将图像直接存储在数据库中还是作为 base64 数据?
在数据库中存储图像的常用方法是在存储数据之前将图像转换为base64 数据.此过程将使大小增加 33%.或者，可以将图像直接存储为 BLOB；例如:
The common method to store images in a database is to convert the image to base64 data before storing the data. This process will increase the size by 33%. Alternatively it is possible to directly store the image as a BLOB; for example:
$image = new Imagick("image.jpg");
$data = $image->getImageBlob();
$data = $mysqli->real_escape_string($data);
$mysqli->query("INSERT INTO images (data) VALUES ('$data')");
然后用
<img src="data:image/jpeg;base64,' . base64_encode($data) . '" />
使用后一种方法，我们节省了 1/3 的存储空间.为什么在 MySQL 数据库中将图像存储为 base64 更为常见?
With the latter method, we save 1/3 storage space. Why is it more common to store images as base64 in MySQL databases?
更新:关于在数据库中存储图像的优缺点有很多争论，大多数人认为这不是一种实用的方法.无论如何，在这里我假设我们将图像存储在数据库中，并讨论这样做的最佳方法.
UPDATE: There are many debates about advantages and disadvantages of storing images in databases, and most people believe it is not a practical approach. Anyway, here I assume we store image in database, and discussing the best method to do so.
推荐答案
Pro base64:您处理的编码表示是一个非常安全的字符串.它既不包含控制字符也不包含引号.后一点有助于防止 SQL 注入尝试.我不希望将值添加到手工编码"SQL 查询字符串中.
Pro base64: the encoded representation you handle is a pretty safe string. It contains neither control chars nor quotes. The latter point helps against SQL injection attempts. I wouldn't expect any problem to just add the value to a "hand coded" SQL query string.
Pro BLOB:数据库管理器软件知道它需要什么类型的数据.它可以为此进行优化.如果您将 base64 存储在 TEXT 字段中，它可能会尝试为其构建一些索引或其他数据结构，这对于真实"文本数据来说非常好且有用，但对于图像数据来说毫无意义且浪费时间和空间.它是较小的表示，如字节数.
Pro BLOB: the database manager software knows what type of data it has to expect. It can optimize for that. If you'd store base64 in a TEXT field it might try to build some index or other data structure for it, which would be really nice and useful for "real" text data but pointless and a waste of time and space for image data. And it is the smaller, as in number of bytes, representation.
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