在 OS X 上调试 MacPorts GCC 的问题
对于使用 GCC 4.7 MacPorts build 编译的程序，我似乎无法获得可读的调试输出.
I can't seem to get readable debugging output for programs compiled with GCC 4.7 MacPorts build.
我已经尝试过 GDB 6.3 和 GDB 7.3，它们都有自己的问题.
I've tried with both GDB 6.3 and GDB 7.3 and each have their own problems.
使用 GDB 7.3 我在启动时得到以下输出:
With GDB 7.3 I get the following output on startup:
$ ggdb ./test
GNU gdb (GDB) 7.3
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.0".
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>...
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
Reading symbols from /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test...Reading symbols from /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/test...done.
done.
运行和触发断言会导致不可读的堆栈跟踪:
Running and triggering an assertion results in an unreadable stack trace:
(gdb) r
Starting program: /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x24
BFD: unable to read unknown load command 0x26
main
Assertion failed: (false), function lock, file main.cpp, line 168.
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007fff8ede282a in ?? ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007fff8ede282a in ?? ()
#1 0x00007fff9a273a9c in ?? ()
#2 0x00007fff6af00690 in ?? ()
#3 0x0000003000000030 in ?? ()
#4 0x00007fffffffffdf in ?? ()
#5 0x000000010b305840 in ?? ()
#6 0x00007fff6af006d0 in ?? ()
#7 0x00007fff9a2a65de in ?? ()
#8 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
尝试使用 GDB 6.3(内置)
根据 this answer 我应该使用 GDB 6.3.然而，这会导致一系列不同的问题.在启动期间，我收到一堆错误:
Try with GDB 6.3 (built-in)
According to this answer I should use GDB 6.3. However that leads to a different set of problems. During startup I get a bunch of errors:
GNU gdb 6.3.50-20050815 (Apple version gdb-1708) (Thu Nov 3 21:59:02 UTC 2011)
Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-apple-darwin"...Reading symbols for shared libraries .
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility.cc".
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility-debug_list.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility-debug_list.cc".
warning: Could not find object file "/Volumes/work/macports/var/macports/build/_Volumes_work_mports_dports_lang_gcc47/gcc47/work/build/x86_64-apple-darwin11/libstdc++-v3/src/.libs/compatibility-debug_list-2.o" - no debug information available for "../../../../gcc-4.7.1/libstdc++-v3/src/c++98/compatibility-debug_list-2.cc".
这是我看到的断言是否被触发并且我尝试获取回溯:
This is what I see if an assertion is triggered and I try to get a backtrace:
Assertion failed: (false), function lock, file main.cpp, line 168.
Program received signal SIGABRT, Aborted.
0x00007fff8ede282a in __kill ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0x00007fff8ede282a in __kill ()
#1 0x00007fff9a273a9c in abort ()
#2 0x00007fff9a2a65de in __assert_rtn ()
Die: DW_TAG_unspecified_type (abbrev = 19, offset = 423)
has children: FALSE
attributes:
DW_AT_name (DW_FORM_strp) string: "decltype(nullptr)"
Die: DW_TAG_unspecified_type (abbrev = 19, offset = 423)
has children: FALSE
attributes:
DW_AT_name (DW_FORM_strp) string: "decltype(nullptr)"
Dwarf Error: Cannot find type of die [in module /Users/StackedCrooked/programming/projects/stacked-crooked/Playground/LockOrderChecker/test.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/test]
根据 this answer(引用 GCC 4.5 手册)我应该使用 -gdwarf-2-gstrict-dwarf 选项.
According to this answer (which quotes the GCC 4.5 manual) I should use the -gdwarf-2 -gstrict-dwarf options.
我听从了这个建议.我的构建命令如下所示:
I followed this advice. My build command looks like this:
g++ -o run-test -std=c++0x -Wall -Wextra -Werror -gdwarf-2 -gstrict-dwarf -g2 -O0 -I/opt/local/include main.cpp
但是，它并不能解决上述任何问题.
However, it doesn't fix any of the aforementioned problems.
郑重声明:我使用的是 OS X Lion.
For the record: I'm on OS X Lion.
有谁知道如何解决这个问题?
Does anyone know how to fix this?
推荐答案
根据 g++ 手册页，您应该使用 -ggdb 为 gdb 生成调试符号.顺便说一句，根据我的经验(在 linux、windows (mingw) 和 mac 上)，仅使用 -g 总是会为 gdb 生成好的符号.
According to the g++ man pages you should use -ggdb to generate debug symbols for gdb. BTW, just using -g always generated good symbols for gdb in my experience (on linux, windows (mingw) and mac).
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