如何在 Cygwin 和 MinGW 中判断 C++ 库路径
我在 Windows XP 上使用 Cygwin 安装开发 C++ 程序.
I develop C++ programs using a Cygwin installation on top of Windows XP.
我也安装了 MinGW，因为我想使用它的 g++ 版本，而不是 Cygwin 自带的那个.
I also have MinGW installed, because I want to use it's version of g++, not the one that comes with Cygwin.
这部分似乎设置正确.当我开始 Cygwin 会话时，我看到:
That part seems to be set up correctly. When I start a Cygwin session I see this:
$哪个g++
/cygdrive/c/MinGW/bin/g++
$ which g++
/cygdrive/c/MinGW/bin/g++
这是正确的，g++ 指向我的 MinGW 安装.
This is correct, g++ is pointing to my MinGW install.
我不明白的是，当我编写包含库代码的代码时(例如，来自 `Winsock/BerkleySockets API 的头文件)，我如何知道编译器在哪里找到该头文件?
What I don't understand is when I write code that includes library code (for example, header files from the `Winsock/BerkleySockets API), how can I tell where the compiler is finding that header file?
例如，如果我的代码中有 #include "winsock.h"，那么编译器在哪里找到那个头文件?
For example, if I have #include "winsock.h" in my code, where does the compiler find that header file?
如果我在我的计算机上对 winsock.h 进行一般搜索，我会得到:
If I do a general search for winsock.h on my computer, I get this:
C:MinGWinclude
C:cygwinusrincludew32api
C:MinGWinclude
C:cygwinusrincludew32api
两者都有一个 winsock.h 的副本(尽管它们的文件大小并不完全相同，因此它们不可能完全相同).
Both have a copy of winsock.h (though the file sizes of these aren't exactly the same, so they can't be identical).
感谢您的帮助.
我还应该指出，我的 Windows PATH 环境变量中有 C:MinGWin，以及在我的/etc/profile 文件中配置的相同路径 在 Cygwin 中.
I should also point out, I have the C:MinGWin in my Windows PATH Environment Variable, as well as that same path configured in my/etc/profile file within Cygwin.
推荐答案
我猜为 MingW 编译的 g++ 具有与标准 g++ 相同的命令行参数.查看 g++ 手册页.
I'm guessing the g++ compiled for MingW has the same command line arguments as the standard g++. Check out the g++ manual page.
要将包含路径添加到您的编译中，请使用 -I 标志.
To add include paths to your compilation, use the -I flag.
g++ -I/include/path/here -I/another/include/path -o prog src.cpp
要将库路径添加到您的链接，请使用 -L 标志.
To add library paths to your linking, use the -L flag.
g++ -L/lib/path/here -L/another/lib/path -o prog src.cpp
MingW 站点解释了包含文件搜索如何在 MingW 上工作，以及如何修改它.
The MingW site explains how the include file search works on MingW, and how to modify it.
该网站还说，如果您想在编译期间查看包含文件搜索，请将 verbose 标志 (-v) 传递给编译器.
The site also says that if you want to view the include file search while it happens during the compilation, pass the verbose flag (-v) to the compiler.
g++ -v -o prog src.cpp
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