string::size_type 而不是 int
const std::string::size_type cols = greeting.size() + pad * 2 + 2;
为什么是 string::size_type?int 应该可以工作！它有数字！！！
Why string::size_type? int is supposed to work! it holds numbers!!!
推荐答案
short 也包含数字.签名字符也是如此.
A short holds numbers too. As does a signed char.
但是这些类型都不能保证足够大来表示任何字符串的大小.
But none of those types are guaranteed to be large enough to represent the sizes of any strings.
string::size_type 保证了这一点.它是一种足以表示字符串大小的类型，无论该字符串有多大.
string::size_type guarantees just that. It is a type that is big enough to represent the size of a string, no matter how big that string is.
有关为什么需要这样做的简单示例，请考虑 64 位平台.一个 int 通常仍然是 32 位的，但你有远远超过 2^32 字节的内存.
For a simple example of why this is necessary, consider 64-bit platforms. An int is typically still 32 bit on those, but you have far more than 2^32 bytes of memory.
因此，如果使用(有符号)int，您将无法创建大于 2^31 个字符的字符串.然而，在这些平台上 size_type 将是一个 64 位值，因此它可以毫无问题地表示更大的字符串.
So if a (signed) int was used, you'd be unable to create strings larger than 2^31 characters. size_type will be a 64-bit value on those platforms however, so it can represent larger strings without a problem.
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