在 MFC 控件中更改背景和标题的颜色

2022-01-12 00:00:00 winapi mfc

我想在 MFC 应用程序中更改我的 EDIT CONTROL、STATIC CONTROL 和 BUTTON CONTROL 的文本颜色和背景颜色.该控件位于 CDialogEx 对话框中.

I want to change text color and background color for my EDIT CONTROL, STATIC CONTROL and BUTTON CONTROL in MFC application. The control is in a CDialogEx dialogue .

我尝试添加 OnCtlColor(在 Visual Studio 中使用向导，在 WM_CTLCOLR 消息上)，但我无法设置可能静态控件和按钮控件的颜色.

I try to add the OnCtlColor (with wizard in visual studio, on the WM_CTLCOLR message) but I can't set the color of may static control and button control.

我还在 OnCtlColor 函数中(在 IF 构造中)设置了一个断点，但我没有收到任何东西.

I put also a break point in the OnCtlColor function (in the IF construct), but I don't receive anything.

我也尝试使用 SetTextColor 函数从 GetDlgItem 检索控件的句柄，但我无法随意更改颜色.

I also tried to use the SetTextColor function retrieving the handle of the control from GetDlgItem, but I can't change the color as I want.

请帮帮我.

推荐答案

我可以断言我尝试在 CDialog 中的 OnCtlColor 中使用它并且它适用于静态和编辑控件.

I can assert that I tried to use in OnCtlColor in a CDialog and it worked for the static and for the edit controls.

你所要做的就是:

  • 要更改背景颜色，您需要创建一个仍然存在于该函数之外的画笔并返回其 HBRUSH with

返回 (HBRUSH) m_brush.GetSafeHandle();

所以你必须创建一个成员变量或静态变量(此代码中的 m_brush)(我推荐第一个)，并且在对话框初始化中你必须创建你想要的画笔.

So you have to make a variable (m_brush in this code) that is member or a static (I recommend the first), and in the dialog initialization you have to create the brush you want.

我认为也许某些控件不适用于此功能，对于那些我也使用过的控件

I thought maybe some controls will not work with this, and for those I also did

pDC->SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,255));

但似乎什么也没做；它在代码中是为了安全.

But seems to do nothing; it is in the code for safety.

为了改变文字颜色，我做到了

For changing the text color,I did

pDC->SetTextColor(RGB(255,0,0));

这些体验对于编辑和静态效果很好，但对组合框完全不适用！

These experiences worked well for edits and statics, but did not work at all for groupboxes!

Groupboxes 在 MFC 中是一个奇怪的实体，有点像 platyplus:它们是带有 BS_GROUPBOX 的 CButton，但在这个函数中，它的 nCtlColor 是 CTLCOLOR_STATIC 而不是 CTLCOLOR_BTN！我为他们做了这个

Groupboxes are a strange entity in MFC, some kind of a platyplus: they are a CButton with the BS_GROUPBOX, but in this function, its nCtlColor is CTLCOLOR_STATIC instead of CTLCOLOR_BTN! I did this for them

UINT nStyle = (UINT)(pWnd->GetStyle() & 0x0F);

if(nStyle == BS_GROUPBOX)
{
    return (HBRUSH) m_brush2.GetSafeHandle();
}

绘制的是组框标题后面的小矩形！

and what got painted was the little rectangle behind the groupbox title!

我无法更改组框的文本颜色！

I could not get the text colour of groupboxes changed!

如果您有分组框并且更改其标题的文本颜色非常重要，您可以从 http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/29016/XGroupBox-an-MFC-groupbox-control-to-display-text并获取其基本代码部分:从 CStatic、OnPaint() 和 DrawItem() 方法派生而来.不要忘记消息映射上的 ON_WM_PAINT().我不知道 OnEraseBkgnd() 及其 is ON_WM_ERASEBKGND() 消息映射是否如此重要.还需要将它们更改为资源中的静态文本控件，声明一个XGroupBox变量并对其进行DDX_Control.我测试了它，它确实有效.

If you have groupboxes and it is really important to change their titles' text color, you can get the one from http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/29016/XGroupBox-an-MFC-groupbox-control-to-display-text and get its essential code parts: to be derived from CStatic, the OnPaint() and DrawItem() methods. Do not forget also the ON_WM_PAINT() on the message map. I don't know if the OnEraseBkgnd() and its is ON_WM_ERASEBKGND() message mapping are so essential. It is also needed to change them to be Static text controls in the resources, declare a XGroupBox variable and do a DDX_Control of it. I tested it and it really works.

对于按钮，CButtons 不起作用.但是，对于每个按钮，我只是在类中声明了一个 CMFCButton 变量，并对每个按钮执行了一个 DDX_Control.之后，我有两个选择:

For buttons, with CButtons it did not work. But, for each button, I simply declared a CMFCButton variable in the class and did a DDX_Control of each one. After, I had two choices:

  • 在表单构造函数中将其 m_bTransparent 属性设置为 TRUE(在 afxbutton.cpp 文件中搜索此变量以供参考)以获得我想要的那些与表单颜色相同(我还绘制了表单；在我的情况下，我正在应用程序上实现主题)

  • Set its m_bTransparent property to TRUE in the form constructor (search this variable on afxbutton.cpp file for reference) for the ones I wanted to have the same color as the form (I also painted the form; in my case I was implementing themes on an application)

在表单初始化中用SetFaceColor()设置背景颜色，用SetTextColor()设置文本颜色.

Set the Background color with SetFaceColor() and set the Text Color with SetTextColor() in form initialization.

当 CMFCButton 没有设置这些东西时，它的颜色来自当前选择的 CMFCVisualManager 的主题混合.

When the CMFCButton does not have these things set, it got its color from theme blending of the currently selected CMFCVisualManager.

注意:我还将 CSpinButton 实体替换为 CMFCSpinButon 实体，因为我想要所选主题的颜色.

Note: I also replaced my CSpinButton entities with CMFCSpinButon ones, because I wanted colors from the selected theme.

在 OnCtlColor 中，nCtlColor 变量很重要，因为它允许您将不同的颜色个性化为不同的类型，而无需测试 dynamic_cast 是否成功或每个控件都失败.

In the OnCtlColor, the nCtlColor variable is important because it will allow you to personalize different colors to different types, without testing dynamic_cast success or failure for every control.

不要忘记将 ON_WM_CTLCOLOR() 添加到您的消息映射中.

Do not forget to add ON_WM_CTLCOLOR() to your message map.

更新 1:在遵循 http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/53f47162-078a-418f-8067-ee61a81ceeac/checkbox-transparent-color-not-working-in-vs2008?forum=vcgeneral ，我做了自己的 Groupbox 类，现在是这样的:

UPDATE 1: After following the advice of the accepted answer on http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/53f47162-078a-418f-8067-ee61a81ceeac/checkbox-transparent-color-not-working-in-vs2008?forum=vcgeneral , I did my own Groupbox class, and now it is like:

class CMyGroupBox: public CButton
{
protected:
    virtual void PreSubclassWindow()
    {
        SetWindowTheme(*this, _T(""), _T(""));
        #pragma comment(lib, "UxTheme.lib")
    }
};

我刚刚声明了其中一个，并使用其各自的控件 ID 执行了 DDX_Control，现在我可以看到我提供给 SetTextColor 的颜色的文本.如果您为此控件返回 HBRUSH，则绘制的是围绕组框标题绘制的未填充矩形.

I just declared one of this, and did DDX_Control with its respective control ID, and now I can see the text in the color I supplied to SetTextColor. If you return a HBRUSH for this control, what gets painted is a non-filled rectangle drawn around the groupbox's title.

更新 2: 我只是将 CMyGroupBox 概括为 CMyButton，因为使用它的 PreSubClassWindow 方法不仅在组框中，但也在复选框和按钮中.在复选框中效果很好，在按钮中，我对结果不太满意.

UPDATE 2: I just generalized the CMyGroupBox to be CMyButton, for using its PreSubClassWindow method not only in groupboxes, but also in checkboxes and buttons. In checkboxes it works well, in buttons, I am not so satisfied with the results.

更新 3: 我试图消除对文本呈现的一些奇怪影响，我只是评论了 pDC->SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,255));行；结果是文本后面的一个丑陋的矩形:(.然后我用 pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT); 替换它，我也看到了奇怪的效果:(

UPDATE 3: I was trying to remove some weird effect on the rendering of the text and I just commented the pDC->SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,255)); line; the result was an ugly while rectangle behind the text :( . Then I replaced it with pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT); and I also see tht weird effect :(

更新 4: 为了避免必须将我所有的复选框、组框和按钮声明为包含 PreSubClassWindow 方法的类，我研究并发现不需要这样做.代码

UPDATE 4: In order to avoid to have to declare all my checkboxes, groupboxes and buttons as the class that contains the PreSubClassWindow method, I researched and discovered that it is not needed to do it. The code 

SetThemeAppProperties(0);
#pragma comment(lib, "UxTheme.lib")
AfxGetMainWnd()->SendMessage(WM_THEMECHANGED, 0U, 0L);

在整个应用程序级别禁用所有控件的主题化.

disables theming for all controls at the whole application level.

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