我怎样才能 cin 和 cout 一些 unicode 文本?

2022-01-11 00:00:00 unicode windows console c++

我问一个代码片段，它输入一个 unicode 文本，将另一个 unicode 连接到第一个 unicode 文本，然后输出结果.

I ask a code snippet which cin a unicode text, concatenates another unicode one to the first unicode text and the cout the result.

附:这段代码将帮助我解决另一个更大的 unicode 问题.但在关键是完成我的要求之前.

P.S. This code will help me to solve another bigger problem with unicode. But before the key thing is to accomplish what I ask.

添加:顺便说一句，当我运行可执行文件时，我无法在命令行中写入任何 unicode 符号.我应该怎么做?

ADDED: BTW I can't write in the command line any unicode symbol when I run the executable file. How I should do that?

推荐答案

这里有一个例子，展示了四种不同的方法，其中只有第三种(C conio)和第四种(原生 Windows API) 工作(但前提是标准输入/标准输出没有被重定向).请注意，您仍然需要包含要显示的字符的字体(Lucida Console 至少支持希腊语和西里尔语).请注意，这里的所有内容都是完全不可移植的，只是没有可移植的方式在终端上输入/输出 Unicode 字符串.

Here is an example that shows four different methods, of which only the third (C conio) and the fourth (native Windows API) work (but only if stdin/stdout aren't redirected). Note that you still need a font that contains the character you want to show (Lucida Console supports at least Greek and Cyrillic). Note that everything here is completely non-portable, there is just no portable way to input/output Unicode strings on the terminal.

#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif

#ifndef _UNICODE
#define _UNICODE
#endif

#define STRICT
#define NOMINMAX
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>

#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>

void testIostream();
void testStdio();
void testConio();
void testWindows();

int wmain() {
    testIostream();
    testStdio();
    testConio();
    testWindows();
    std::system("pause");
}

void testIostream() {
    std::wstring first, second;
    std::getline(std::wcin, first);
    if (!std::wcin.good()) return;
    std::getline(std::wcin, second);
    if (!std::wcin.good()) return;
    std::wcout << first << second << std::endl;
}

void testStdio() {
    wchar_t buffer[0x1000];
    if (!_getws_s(buffer)) return;
    const std::wstring first = buffer;
    if (!_getws_s(buffer)) return;
    const std::wstring second = buffer;
    const std::wstring result = first + second;
    _putws(result.c_str());
}

void testConio() {
    wchar_t buffer[0x1000];
    std::size_t numRead = 0;
    if (_cgetws_s(buffer, &numRead)) return;
    const std::wstring first(buffer, numRead);
    if (_cgetws_s(buffer, &numRead)) return;
    const std::wstring second(buffer, numRead);
    const std::wstring result = first + second + L'
';
    _cputws(result.c_str());
}

void testWindows() {
    const HANDLE stdIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
    WCHAR buffer[0x1000];
    DWORD numRead = 0;
    if (!ReadConsoleW(stdIn, buffer, sizeof buffer, &numRead, NULL)) return;
    const std::wstring first(buffer, numRead - 2);
    if (!ReadConsoleW(stdIn, buffer, sizeof buffer, &numRead, NULL)) return;
    const std::wstring second(buffer, numRead);
    const std::wstring result = first + second;
    const HANDLE stdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    DWORD numWritten = 0;
    WriteConsoleW(stdOut, result.c_str(), result.size(), &numWritten, NULL);
}

  • 编辑1:我添加了一个基于conio的方法.
  • 编辑 2:我在 Michael Kaplan 的博客中描述了一点 _O_U16TEXT，但似乎只有 wgets 解释ReadFile 中的(8 位)数据为 UTF-16.我会在周末对此进行进一步调查.

    • Edit 1: I've added a method based on conio.
    • Edit 2: I've messed around with _O_U16TEXT a bit as described in Michael Kaplan's blog, but that seemingly only had wgets interpret the (8-bit) data from ReadFile as UTF-16. I'll investigate this a bit further during the weekend.

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