Python 中的 HTTP 身份验证

2022-01-17 00:00:00 python http-headers authentication curl

问题描述

什么是python urllib 等价于

Whats is the python urllib equivallent of 

curl -u username:password status="abcd" http://example.com/update.json

我这样做了:

handle = urllib2.Request(url)
authheader =  "Basic %s" % base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (username, password))
handle.add_header("Authorization", authheader)

有没有更好/更简单的方法?

Is there a better / simpler way?

解决方案

诀窍是创建一个密码管理器，然后告诉 urllib.通常，您不会关心身份验证的领域，只关心主机/网址部分.例如:

The trick is to create a password manager, and then tell urllib about it. Usually, you won't care about the realm of the authentication, just the host/url part. For example, the following:

password_mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
top_level_url = "http://example.com/"
password_mgr.add_password(None, top_level_url, 'user', 'password')
handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPHandler, handler)
request = urllib2.Request(url)

将为每个以 top_level_url 开头的 URL 设置用户名和密码.其他选项是在此处指定主机名或更完整的 URL.

Will set the user name and password to every URL starting with top_level_url. Other options are to specify a host name or more complete URL here.

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2.shtml#id6.

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