我可以将 src/中的所有 .cpp 文件编译为 obj/中的 .o，然后链接到 ./中的二进制文件吗?

2021-12-28 00:00:00 makefile c++ build-process

我的项目目录如下:

/project
    Makefile
    main
    /src
        main.cpp
        foo.cpp
        foo.h
        bar.cpp
        bar.h
    /obj
        main.o
        foo.o
        bar.o

我想让我的 makefile 做的是将 /src 文件夹中的所有 .cpp 文件编译成 .o 文件在/obj 文件夹，然后将 /obj 中的所有 .o 文件链接到顶级文件夹 /中的输出二进制文件中项目.

What I would like my makefile to do would be to compile all .cpp files in the /src folder to .o files in the /obj folder, then link all the .o files in /obj into the output binary in the top-level folder /project.

我几乎没有使用 Makefile 的经验，也不确定要搜索什么来完成此任务.

I have next to no experience with Makefiles, and am not really sure what to search for to accomplish this.

此外，这是一种好"的方法，还是有更标准的方法来解决我正在尝试做的事情?

Also, is this a "good" way to do this, or is there a more standard approach to what I'm trying to do?

推荐答案

Makefile 部分问题

这很简单，除非你不需要概括尝试类似下面的代码(但用 g++ 附近的制表符替换空格缩进)

This is pretty easy, unless you don't need to generalize try something like the code below (but replace space indentation with tabs near g++)

SRC_DIR := .../src OBJ_DIR := .../obj SRC_FILES := $(wildcard $(SRC_DIR)/*.cpp) OBJ_FILES := $(patsubst $(SRC_DIR)/%.cpp,$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o,$(SRC_FILES)) LDFLAGS := ... CPPFLAGS := ... CXXFLAGS := ... main.exe: $(OBJ_FILES) g++ $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIR)/%.cpp g++ $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c -o $@ $<

<小时>
自动依赖图生成

大多数 make 系统的必须"功能.通过将 -MMD 标志添加到 CXXFLAGS 和 -include $(OBJ_FILES:.o=.d) 到 makefile 正文的末尾:

A "must" feature for most make systems. With GCC in can be done in a single pass as a side effect of the compilation by adding -MMD flag to CXXFLAGS and -include $(OBJ_FILES:.o=.d) to the end of the makefile body:

CXXFLAGS += -MMD -include $(OBJ_FILES:.o=.d)

正如人们已经提到的，总是有 GNU Make Manual，很有帮助.

And as guys mentioned already, always have GNU Make Manual around, it is very helpful.

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