C++中string和char[]类型的区别

I know a little C and now I'm taking a look at C++. I'm used to char arrays for dealing with C strings, but while I look at C++ code I see there are examples using both string type and char arrays:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main () {
  string mystr;
  cout << "What's your name? ";
  getline (cin, mystr);
  cout << "Hello " << mystr << ".
";
  cout << "What is your favorite team? ";
  getline (cin, mystr);
  cout << "I like " << mystr << " too!
";
  return 0;
}

和

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main () {
  char name[256], title[256];

  cout << "Enter your name: ";
  cin.getline (name,256);

  cout << "Enter your favourite movie: ";
  cin.getline (title,256);

  cout << name << "'s favourite movie is " << title;

  return 0;
}

(两个例子都来自 http://www.cplusplus.com)

我想这是一个被广泛询问和回答(显而易见?)的问题，但如果有人能告诉我在 C++ 中处理字符串的两种方式(性能、API 集成、方式)之间的确切区别，那就太好了每一个都更好，...)

std::string myString = "Hello World";
const char *myStringChars = myString.c_str();