在 selenium 中不推荐使用 find_element_by_* 命令

2022-01-16 00:00:00 python selenium selenium-webdriver webdriver findelement

问题描述

函数启动时

def 运行(驱动程序路径):driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)driver.get('https://tproger.ru/quiz/real-programmer/')button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")按钮.click()运行(驱动程序路径)

我收到如下错误:

<ipython-input-27-c5a7960e105f>:6: DeprecationWarning: executable_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service objectdriver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)<ipython-input-27-c5a7960e105f>:10: DeprecationWarning: find_element_by_* 命令已弃用.请改用 find_element()button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")

...但我不明白为什么.

我正在为我的 chrome 版本使用最新版本的 webdriver.我不明白我为什么会得到

`find_element_by_* 命令已弃用`

...当该命令存在于文档中时.

解决方案

这个错误信息...

DeprecationWarning: find_element_by_* 命令已弃用.请改用 find_element()

...暗示 find_element_by_* 命令在最新的 Selenium Python 库中已弃用.

作为@AutomatedTester 提及:这个DeprecationWarning 反映了对简化跨语言 API 的决定所做的更改，而这正是这样做的.

解决方案

您必须使用 find_element().举个例子:

<块引用><块引用>

您必须包含以下导入

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

  • 使用 class_name:

    button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")

    需要替换为:

    button = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "quiz_button")

在类似的行中，您还必须更改以下内容:

  • 使用id:

    element = find_element_by_id("element_id")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "element_id")

  • 使用名称:

    element = find_element_by_name("element_name")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, "element_name")

  • 使用 link_text:

    element = find_element_by_link_text("element_link_text")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "element_link_text")

  • 使用 partial_link_text:

    element = find_element_by_partial_link_text("element_partial_link_text")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "element_partial_link_text")

  • 使用 tag_name:

    element = find_element_by_tag_name("element_tag_name")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "element_tag_name")

  • 使用 css_selector:

    element = find_element_by_css_selector("element_css_selector")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "element_css_selector")

  • 使用 xpath:

    element = find_element_by_xpath("element_xpath")

    需要替换为:

    element = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "element_xpath")

When starting the function

def run(driver_path):    
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)    
    driver.get('https://tproger.ru/quiz/real-programmer/')    
    button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")
    button.click()
run(driver_path)

I'm getting errors like these:

<ipython-input-27-c5a7960e105f>:6: DeprecationWarning: executable_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service object
  driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)
<ipython-input-27-c5a7960e105f>:10: DeprecationWarning: find_element_by_* commands are deprecated. Please use find_element() instead
  button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")

... but I can't understand why.

I'm using webdriver at the latest version for my chrome's version. I don't why I get

`find_element_by_* commands are deprecated`

... when it's in the documentation that the command exists.

解决方案

This error message...

DeprecationWarning: find_element_by_* commands are deprecated. Please use find_element() instead

...implies that the find_element_by_* commands are deprecated in the latest Selenium Python libraries.

As @AutomatedTester mentions: This DeprecationWarning was the reflection of the changes made with respect to the decision to simplify the APIs across the languages and this does that.

Solution

Instead you have to use find_element(). As an example:

You have to include the following imports

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

  • Using class_name:

    button = driver.find_element_by_class_name("quiz_button")

    Needs be replaced with:

    button = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "quiz_button")

In similar lines you also have to change the following:

  • Using id:

    element = find_element_by_id("element_id")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.ID, "element_id")

  • Using name:

    element = find_element_by_name("element_name")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.NAME, "element_name")

  • Using link_text:

    element = find_element_by_link_text("element_link_text")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "element_link_text")

  • Using partial_link_text:

    element = find_element_by_partial_link_text("element_partial_link_text")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "element_partial_link_text")

  • Using tag_name:

    element = find_element_by_tag_name("element_tag_name")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "element_tag_name")

  • Using css_selector:

    element = find_element_by_css_selector("element_css_selector")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "element_css_selector")

  • Using xpath:

    element = find_element_by_xpath("element_xpath")

    Needs be replaced with:

    element = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "element_xpath")

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