反序列化构造函数无法正确读取数据

2021-12-24 00:00:00 c++ boost boost-serialization

我正在尝试反序列化一个没有默认构造函数的对象.我已经看到您可以通过将存档传递给构造函数来做到这一点.但是，当我这样做时，它似乎没有正确读取数据?这是一个示例 - Works() 输出1 2"，因为它应该(使用默认构造函数和运算符>>)，但 DoesntWork() 输出0 0".我已经通过了，一切似乎都得到了适当的调用.谁能解释一下这两个函数的区别?

I am trying to deserialize an object that does not have a default constructor. I've seen that you can do this by passing an archive to a constructor. However, when I do this it does not seem to read the data correctly? Here is an example - Works() outputs "1 2" as it should (using a default constructor and the operator>>), but DoesntWork() outputs "0 0". I've stepped through and everything seems to be getting called appropriately. Can anyone explain the difference between these two functions?

#include <fstream>

#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp>

class Point
{
private:
    friend class boost::serialization::access;

    template<class TArchive>
    void serialize(TArchive& archive, const unsigned int version)
    {
        archive & mX;
        archive & mY;
    }

public:
    template<class TArchive>
    Point(TArchive& archive)
    {
        serialize(archive, 0);
    }

    Point(){} // Only provided to test Works()

    Point(const float x, const float y) : mX(x), mY(y) { }

    float mX = 4;
    float mY = 5;
};

void Works()
{
    std::cout << "Works():" << std::endl;
    Point p(1,2);

    std::ofstream outputStream("test.archive");
    boost::archive::text_oarchive outputArchive(outputStream);
    outputArchive << p;
    outputStream.close();

    // read from a text archive
    std::ifstream inputStream("test.archive");
    boost::archive::text_iarchive inputArchive(inputStream);
    Point pointRead;
    inputArchive >> pointRead;

    std::cout << pointRead.mX << " " << pointRead.mY << std::endl;
}

void DoesntWork()
{
    std::cout << "DoesntWork():" << std::endl;
    Point p(1,2);

    std::ofstream outputStream("test.archive");
    boost::archive::text_oarchive outputArchive(outputStream);
    outputArchive << p;
    outputStream.close();

    std::ifstream inputStream("test.archive");
    boost::archive::text_iarchive inputArchive(inputStream);
    Point pointRead(inputArchive);

    std::cout << pointRead.mX << " " << pointRead.mY << std::endl;
}

int main()
{
    Works(); // Output "1 2"
    DoesntWork(); // Output "0 0"
    return 0;
}

推荐答案

你不应该直接调用 serialize 方法:operator >> for a archive do way 不仅仅是调用 serialize;根据存档的类型，它首先需要加载前导码等.您可以通过调试器逐步执行或检查 test.archive 中的内容来验证这一点，就像

You shouldn't call serialize methods directly: operator >> for an archive does way more than just calling serialize; depending on the type of archive it first needs to load a preamble etc. You can verify this by stepping through with the debugger, or by checking what's inside test.archive, it is something like

22 serialization::archive 12 0 0 1.000000000e+000 2.000000000e+000

所以在构造一个 text_iarchive 之后，对 operator & 的前两次调用会碰巧看到那些 2 0 在那里实际数据.

so right after constructing a text_iarchive the first two calls to operator & will happen to see those 2 0's in there instead of the actual data.

你的构造函数应该是:

template<class TArchive>
Point(TArchive& archive)
{
  archive >> *this;
}

编辑这里是如何使用 SFINAE 确保仍然可以调用复制构造函数的示例

Edit here's an example of how to use SFINAE to make sure the copy constructor can still be invoked

Point( const Point& rh ) :
  mX( rh.mX ),
  mY( rh.mY )
{
}

template<class TArchive>
Point( TArchive& archive,
       std::enable_if_t< !std::is_same< TArchive, Point >::value >* = nullptr )
{
  archive >> *this;
}

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