哪些 Boost 特性与 C++11 重叠?

2021-12-24 00:00:00 c++ c++11 boost

几年前我把我的 C++ 技能放在了架子上，现在看来，当我再次需要它们时，情况发生了变化.

I put my C++ skills on the shelf several years ago and it seems now, when I need them again, the landscape has changed.

我们现在已经有了 C++11，我的理解是它与许多 Boost 特性重叠.

We have got C++11 now, and my understanding is that it overlaps many Boost features.

是否有一些重叠之处的总结，哪些 Boost 库将成为遗产，建议使用哪些 C++11 特性而不是 boost 特性，哪些最好不要?

Is there some summary where those overlaps lie, which Boost libraries going to become legacy, recommendation of which C++11 features to use instead of boost ones and which better not?

推荐答案

可由 C++11 语言特性或库替换

Replaceable by C++11 language features or libraries

  • Foreach → 基于范围
  • Functional/Forward → 完美转发(使用 右值引用、可变参数模板 和 std::转发)
  • 现场工厂，输入工厂→ 完美转发(至少对于记录在案的用例而言)
  • Lambda → Lambda 表达式(在非多态情况下)
  • 本地函数 → Lambda 表达式
  • 最小-最大 → std::minmax, std::minmax_element
  • 比率 → std::ratio
  • 静态断言 → static_assert
  • 线程 → <线程> 等(但请检查这个问题).
  • Typeof → auto, decltype
  • 值初始化 → 列表初始化(§8.5.4/3)
  • 数学/特殊函数→ ，见下表
    • 伽马函数 (tgamma)、对数伽马函数 (lgamma)
    • 误差函数(erf、erfc)
    • log1p, expm1
    • cbrt、hypot
    • acosh、asinh、atanh
    • Foreach → range-based for
    • Functional/Forward → Perfect forwarding (with rvalue references, variadic templates and std::forward)
    • In Place Factory, Typed In Place Factory → Perfect forwarding (at least for the documented use cases)
    • Lambda → Lambda expression (in non-polymorphic cases)
    • Local function → Lambda expression
    • Min-Max → std::minmax, std::minmax_element
    • Ratio → std::ratio
    • Static Assert → static_assert
    • Thread → <thread>, etc (but check this question).
    • Typeof → auto, decltype
    • Value initialized → List-initialization (§8.5.4/3)
    • Math/Special Functions → <cmath>, see the list below
      • gamma function (tgamma), log gamma function (lgamma)
      • error functions (erf, erfc)
      • log1p, expm1
      • cbrt, hypot
      • acosh, asinh, atanh

      TR1(它们在文档中被标记，如果那些是 TR1 库)

      TR1 (they are marked in the documentation if those are TR1 libraries)

      • 数组 → std::array
      • 绑定 → std::绑定
      • 启用如果→ std::enable_if
      • 函数 → std::function
      • 成员函数 → std::mem_fn
      • 随机 → <随机>
      • Ref → std::ref, std::cref
      • 正则表达式 →
      • 结果 → std::result_of
      • Smart Ptr → std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::weak_ptr (但是 boost::intrusive_ptr 仍然不能被替换)
      • 交换(交换数组)→ std::swap
      • 元组 → std::tuple
      • 类型特征 →
      • 无序 → , <;unordered_map>
      • Array → std::array
      • Bind → std::bind
      • Enable If → std::enable_if
      • Function → std::function
      • Member Function → std::mem_fn
      • Random → <random>
      • Ref → std::ref, std::cref
      • Regex → <regex>
      • Result Of → std::result_of
      • Smart Ptr → std::unique_ptr, std::shared_ptr, std::weak_ptr (but boost::intrusive_ptr still cannot be replaced)
      • Swap (swapping arrays) → std::swap
      • Tuple → std::tuple
      • Type Traits → <type_traits>
      • Unordered → <unordered_set>, <unordered_map>

      从 C++11 向后移植的功能:

      Features back-ported from C++11:

      • 原子 ← std::atomic
      • 计时 ← <计时>(见下文)
      • Move ← 右值引用
      • Atomic ← std::atomic
      • Chrono ← <chrono> (see below)
      • Move ← Rvalue references

      可替换为 C++17 语言特性:

      Replaceable by C++17 language features:

      • String_ref → 标准::string_view
      • 文件系统 → (文件系统 TS)
      • 可选 → std::optional (图书馆基础 TS v1)
      • 任何 → std::any(库基础 TS v1)
      • 数学/特殊函数→ (特殊数学是)，见下表
        • 测试功能
        • (正常/相关/球面)勒让德多项式
        • (正态/关联)勒让德多项式
        • 厄米多项式
        • Bessel (J/Y/I/K) 函数(Y 在 C++ 中称为 Neumann 函数)
        • 球形贝塞尔 (j/y) 函数
        • (第一类/第二类/第三类)的(不完全/完全)椭圆积分
        • 黎曼 zeta 函数
        • 指数积分 Ei
        • String_ref → std::string_view
        • Filesystem → <filesystem> (Filesystem TS)
        • Optional → std::optional (Library Fundamentals TS v1)
        • Any → std::any (Library Fundamentals TS v1)
        • Math/Special Functions → <cmath> (Special Math IS), see the list below
          • beta function
          • (normal / associated / spherical) Legendre polynomials
          • (normal / associated) Legendre polynomials
          • Hermite polynomials
          • Bessel (J / Y / I / K) functions (Y is called Neumann function in C++)
          • spherical Bessel (j / y) functions
          • (incomplete / complete) elliptic integrals of (first / second / third kind)
          • Riemann zeta function
          • exponential integral Ei

          标准团队仍在努力:

          • 数学公因数 →std::experimetal::gcd、lcm(库基础 TS v2)
          • 概念检查 → 概念 TS
          • 范围 → 范围 TS
          • Asio → 网络 TS(套接字和定时器仅)
          • 多精度 → 数字 TS
          • 协程/Coroutine2 → 协程 TS
          • Math Common Factor → std::experimetal::gcd, lcm (Library Fundamentals TS v2)
          • Concept check → Concepts TS
          • Range → Range TS
          • Asio → Networking TS (sockets and timers only)
          • Multiprecision → Numerics TS
          • Coroutine/Coroutine2 → Coroutines TS

          MPL 的很大一部分可以使用可变参数模板修剪或删除.词法转换的一些常见用例可以替换为std::to_string 和 std::stoX.

          A large part of MPL can be trimmed down or removed using variadic templates. Some common use cases of Lexical cast can be replaced by std::to_string and std::stoX.

          一些 Boost 库与 C++11 相关，但也有更多的扩展，例如Boost.Functional/Hash 包含 hash_combine 以及 C++11 中未找到的相关函数，Boost.Chrono 具有 I/O 和舍入以及许多其他时钟等，因此您可能仍想在真正关闭它们之前查看一下 boost .

          Some Boost libraries are related to C++11 but also have some more extensions, e.g. Boost.Functional/Hash contains hash_combine and related functions not found in C++11, Boost.Chrono has I/O and rounding and many other clocks, etc. so you may still want to take a look at the boost ones before really dismissing them.

相关文章