C++ sizeof Vector 是 24?
我只是在胡闹,学习向量和结构体,有一次,我尝试以字节为单位输出向量的大小.代码如下:
I was just messing around and learning about vectors as well as structs, and at one point, I tried outputting the size of a vector in bytes. Here's the code:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
struct Foo{
std::vector<int> a;
};
int main()
{
using std::cout; using std::endl;
Foo* f1 = new Foo;
f1->a.push_back(5);
cout << sizeof(f1->a) << endl;
cout << sizeof(f1->a[0]) << endl;
delete[] f1;
}
输出为24
和4
.
显然第二行打印了 4,因为那是 int 的大小.但为什么另一个值是 24?向量是否占用 24 字节的内存?谢谢!
Obviously the second line printed 4, because that is the size of an int. But why exactly is the other value 24? Does a vector take up 24 bytes of memory? Thanks!
推荐答案
虽然std::vector
的公共接口是由标准定义的,但可以有不同的实现:换句话说,std::vector
的内幕可以从一个实现到另一个实现而改变.
While the public interface of std::vector
is defined by the standard, there can be different implementations: in other words, what's under the hood of std::vector
can change from implementation to implementation.
即使在相同的实现中(例如:给定版本的 Visual C++ 附带的 STL 实现),std::vector
的内部结构可能会因发布版本和调试版本而发生变化.
Even in the same implementation (for example: the STL implementation that comes with a given version of Visual C++), the internals of std::vector
can change from release builds and debug builds.
您看到的 24 大小可以解释为 3 个指针(在 64 位体系结构上,每个指针的大小为 8 个字节;因此您有 3 x 8 = 24 个字节).这些指针可以是:
The 24 size you see can be explained as 3 pointers (each pointer is 8 bytes in size on 64-bit architectures; so you have 3 x 8 = 24 bytes). These pointers can be:
- 向量开始
- 向量结束
- 为向量保留的内存结束(即向量的容量)
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