带有模板的 C++ 共享库:未定义符号错误

I'm trying to link to a shared library with a template class, but it is giving me "undefined symbols" errors. I've condensed the problem to about 20 lines of code.

shared.h

template <class Type> class myclass {
  Type x;
public:
  myclass() { x=0; }
  void setx(Type y);
  Type  getx();
};

shared.cpp

#include "shared.h"
template <class Type> void myclass<Type>::setx(Type y) { x = y; }
template <class Type> Type myclass<Type>::getx() { return x; }

ma??in.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "shared.h"
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   myclass<int> m;
   cout << m.getx() << endl;
   m.setx(10);
   cout << m.getx() << endl;
   return 0;
}

这是我编译库的方式:

g++ -fPIC -c shared.cpp -o shared.o
g++ -dynamiclib -Wl,-dylib_install_name -Wl,libshared.dylib -o libshared.dylib shared.o

和主程序:

g++ -c main.cpp
g++ -o main  main.o -L. -lshared

只得到以下错误:

Undefined symbols:
"myclass<int>::getx()", referenced from:
  _main in main.o
  _main in main.o
"myclass<int>::setx(int)", referenced from:
  _main in main.o

如果我删除 shared.h/cpp 中的模板"内容，并将它们替换为int"，则一切正常.此外，如果我只是将模板类代码直接复制并粘贴到 main.cpp 中，并且不链接到共享库，则一切正常.

// Instantiate myclass for the supported template type parameters
template class myclass<int>;
template class myclass<long>;