Python - 使用 pandas 格式化 Excel 单元格
问题描述
我有一个 pandas 数据框，如下所示.
I have a pandas dataframe, which is something like shown below.
我想将通过/失败"列格式化为 if Fail -->红色背景，否则绿色背景，如:
I would like to format the column "Pass/Fail" as if Fail --> red background, else green background, like:
我尝试使用 Pandas 进行格式化，但无法为 Excel 添加颜色.以下是代码:
I have tried to use Pandas to do the formatting, but it fails to add color to the excel. Following is the code:
writer = pandas.ExcelWriter(destination,engine = 'xlsxwriter')
color = Answer.style.applymap(lambda x: 'color: red' if x == "Fail" else 'color: green',subset= pandas.IndexSlice[:,['Pass/Fail']])
color.to_excel(writer,'sheet1')
我尝试了无法安装的 StyleFrame.似乎 StyleFrame 不符合我的 python 3.6 版.
I tried StyleFrame which failed to install. Seems that StyleFrame does not comply with my python version 3.6.
如何根据需要格式化 Excel?
How can I format the excel as I want?
解决方案
你可以使用 conditional_format:
df = pd.DataFrame({'Pass/Fail':['Pass','Fail','Fail'],
'expect':[1,2,3]})
print (df)
Pass/Fail expect
0 Pass 1
1 Fail 2
2 Fail 3
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_conditional.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
workbook = writer.book
worksheet = writer.sheets['Sheet1']
red_format = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':'red'})
green_format = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':'green'})
worksheet.conditional_format('B2:B4', {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Fail',
'format': red_format})
worksheet.conditional_format('B2:B4', {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Pass',
'format': green_format})
writer.save()
更动态的解决方案 get_loc 用于 column 的位置和与 dictionary 的映射:
More dynamic solution with get_loc for position of column and mapping with dictionary:
import string
df = pd.DataFrame({'Pass/Fail':['Pass','Fail','Fail'],
'expect':[1,2,3]})
print (df)
Pass/Fail expect
0 Pass 1
1 Fail 2
2 Fail 3
<小时>
writer = pd.ExcelWriter('pandas_conditional.xlsx', engine='xlsxwriter')
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1')
workbook = writer.book
worksheet = writer.sheets['Sheet1']
red_format = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':'red'})
green_format = workbook.add_format({'bg_color':'green'})
#dict for map excel header, first A is index, so omit it
d = dict(zip(range(25), list(string.ascii_uppercase)[1:]))
print (d)
{0: 'B', 1: 'C', 2: 'D', 3: 'E', 4: 'F', 5: 'G', 6: 'H', 7: 'I', 8: 'J',
9: 'K', 10: 'L', 11: 'M', 12: 'N', 13: 'O', 14: 'P', 15: 'Q', 16: 'R',
17: 'S', 18: 'T', 19: 'U', 20: 'V', 21: 'W', 22: 'X', 23: 'Y', 24: 'Z'}
#set column for formatting
col = 'Pass/Fail'
excel_header = str(d[df.columns.get_loc(col)])
#get length of df
len_df = str(len(df.index) + 1)
rng = excel_header + '2:' + excel_header + len_df
print (rng)
B2:B4
worksheet.conditional_format(rng, {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Fail',
'format': red_format})
worksheet.conditional_format(rng, {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Pass',
'format': green_format})
writer.save()
谢谢jmcnamara供评论和 XlsxWriter
col = 'Pass/Fail'
loc = df.columns.get_loc(col) + 1
len_df = len(df.index) + 1
worksheet.conditional_format(1,loc,len_df,loc, {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Fail',
'format': red_format})
worksheet.conditional_format(1,loc,len_df,loc, {'type': 'text',
'criteria': 'containing',
'value': 'Pass',
'format': green_format})
writer.save()
最后一个版本的 pandas (0.20.1) 和 样式:
Another solution with last version of pandas (0.20.1) and styles:
df = pd.DataFrame({'Pass/Fail':['Pass','Fail','Fail'],
'expect':['d','f','g']})
print (df)
Pass/Fail expect
0 Pass d
1 Fail f
2 Fail g
def f(x):
col = 'Pass/Fail'
r = 'background-color: red'
g = 'background-color: green'
c = np.where(x[col] == 'Pass', g, r)
y = pd.DataFrame('', index=x.index, columns=x.columns)
y[col] = c
return y
styled = df.style.apply(f, axis=None)
styled.to_excel('styled.xlsx', engine='openpyxl')
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