如何在 Kivy 中自定义 style.kv

2022-01-15 00:00:00 python kivy

问题描述

根据 Kivy Doc，我可以通过创建将使用而不是标准的本地 style.kv 文件来自定义 kivy 应用程序外观.所以我编辑了原始文件，通过修改按钮小部件的行为，如下所示:

According to Kivy Doc, I can customize a kivy app look, by creating a local style.kv file that will be use instead of standard. So I edited the original file, by modifying, the behavior of the Button widget like this :

<-Button,-ToggleButton>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba: [1, 0, 0, 1] if self.state == 'normal' else [0, 0, 1, 1]
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
        Color:
            rgba: 1, 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            texture: self.texture
            size: self.texture_size
            pos: int(self.center_x - self.texture_size[0] / 2.), int(self.center_y - self.texture_size[1] / 2.)

我希望按钮背景在单击时变为红色并变为蓝色.但是什么也没发生，并且应用了默认行为.

I was hoping that buttons background's become red and change to blue when clicked. But nothings happen, and the default behavior was applied.

这是我的主文件的内容

from os.path import abspath, dirname, join

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.resources import resource_add_path, resource_find
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button


class MainLayout(BoxLayout):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(MainLayout, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.add_widget(Button(text="Button1"))
        self.add_widget(Button(text="Button2"))

class MainApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return MainLayout()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    res_path = join(dirname(abspath(__file__)), "custom")
    resource_add_path(res_path)
    print("find ", resource_find("data/style.kv"))
    MainApp().run()

在运行时，style.kv 的本地路径打印良好.

At runtime, the local path of the style.kv is well printed.

非常感谢所有帮助！

解决方案

即使 documentation 说您可以完全按照您尝试的方式自定义 kivy，但它看起来不起作用.但是，您可以通过使用 kivy.lang.Builder 加载修改后的 style.kv 来使其工作.例如:

Even though the documentation says that you can customize kivy exactly the way you have attempted, it does not look like it works. However, you can get it to work by just loading your modified style.kv using kivy.lang.Builder. For example:

from kivy.lang import Builder

Builder.load_string('''
<-Button,-ToggleButton>:
    canvas:
        Color:
            rgba: [1, 0, 0, 1] if self.state == 'normal' else [0, 0, 1, 1]
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size
        Color:
            rgba: 1, 1, 1, 1
        Rectangle:
            texture: self.texture
            size: self.texture_size
            pos: int(self.center_x - self.texture_size[0] / 2.), int(self.center_y - self.texture_size[1] / 2.)
''')

from os.path import abspath, dirname, join

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.resources import resource_add_path, resource_find
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.uix.button import Button


class MainLayout(BoxLayout):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(MainLayout, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.add_widget(Button(text="Button1"))
        self.add_widget(Button(text="Button2"))

class MainApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return MainLayout()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    MainApp().run()

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