小部件在 GridLayout 中的位置

2022-01-15 00:00:00 python kivy

问题描述

我正在尝试创建一个小部件网格，每个单元格"小部件都有一个矩形，我可以稍后更改颜色.当我使用 grid.add_widget(Button(text=str(i))) 行运行下面的代码时，按钮会填充窗口(如文档中所示).但是，当我在 grid.add_widget(Cell()) 中使用我的 Cell 小部件时，所有小部件都聚集在左下角(position=[0,0], size=[100,100]).我发现了这个问题 Kivy: Add rawWidget 为 GridLayout(与 Image、Button 等相反) 并将我的 Cell 类更改为从 Layout 而不是 Widget 继承但这无济于事.关于我做错了什么的任何想法?我想要的是一个彩色矩形网格.

I'm trying to create a grid of widgets with each "cell" widget having a rectangle I can change the color of later. When I run the code below with the line grid.add_widget(Button(text=str(i))) the buttons fill the window (as in the docs). However, when I use my Cell widget as in grid.add_widget(Cell()) all the widgets are bunched in the lower left corner (position=[0,0], size=[100,100]). I found this question Kivy: Add raw Widget to GridLayout (as opposed to Image, Button, etc) and changed my Cell class to inherit from Layout instead of Widget but that didn't help things. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong? What I'd like is a grid of colored rectangles.

版本

[INFO   ] [Kivy        ] v1.9.1
[INFO   ] [Python      ] v2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13)

代码

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.core.window import Window
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.layout import Layout
from kivy.graphics import Rectangle, Color

XSIZE=2
YSIZE=2

class Cell(Layout):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Cell, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        with self.canvas:
            Rectangle(size=self.size, pos=self.pos)
            Color((0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0))

class GameApp(App):
    def build(self):
        grid = GridLayout(rows=YSIZE, cols=XSIZE, size=Window.size)
        for i in xrange(4):
            print 'i={}'.format(i)
#            grid.add_widget(Cell())
            grid.add_widget(Button(text=str(i)))
        return grid

if __name__ == '__main__':
    GameApp().run()

解决方案

我将展示如何实现这一目标的示例.我将创建一个网格类，并向其中添加单元格小部件.但我只会使用一个画布(gridlayouts 画布).所以单元格类将包含一个 InstructionGroup，而不是制作多个画布.
为了以后能够设置每个单元格的大小、位置和颜色，这些属性必须是单元格类的属性.
属性将在 MyGrid 的 set_attributes 方法中设置.
首先，当应用程序运行时，您可以获得单元格的位置，因此我使用 Clock.schedule_once 方法.这将执行下一帧.
为了演示如何更改颜色，我创建了一个 Clock.schedule_interval，用随机颜色为单元格的颜色设置动画.

I will show an example on how you can achieve this. I will create a grid class, and add the cell widgets to it. But I will only use one canvas (the gridlayouts canvas). So the cell class will contain an InstructionGroup, rather than make multiple canvases.
To be able to set size, position and color of each cell later, those attributes must be attributes of the cell class.
The attributes will be set in MyGrid's set_attributes method.
First when the app is running, you can get the positions of the cells, hence I use the Clock.schedule_once method. That will execute the next frame.
And to demonstrate how to change the colors, I create a Clock.schedule_interval, to animate the colors of the cells with random colors.

下面是例子:

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.uix.button import Button
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.graphics import Rectangle, Color, InstructionGroup
from kivy.clock import Clock

from random import uniform

XSIZE=2
YSIZE=2

class Cell(Widget):
    def __init__(self, i, **kwargs):
        super(Cell, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.ig = InstructionGroup()
        self.rect = Rectangle()
        self.color = Color(0.2, 0.2, 0.2*i)
        self.ig.add(self.color)
        self.ig.add(self.rect)



class MyGrid(GridLayout):
    def __init__(self,**kwargs):
        super(MyGrid,self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.rows=YSIZE
        self.cols=XSIZE
        for i in xrange(4):
            self.add_widget(Cell(i))
            self.canvas.add(self.children[0].ig)

        Clock.schedule_once(self.set_attributes)
        Clock.schedule_interval(self.change_color,1)

    def set_attributes(self,dt):
        for i in self.children:
            i.rect.pos = i.pos
            i.rect.size = i.size

    def change_color(self,dt):
        for i in self.children:
            i.color.rgb = (uniform(0.0,1.0),uniform(0.0,1.0),uniform(0.0,1.0))


class GameApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return MyGrid()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    GameApp().run()

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