7 种提升 SpringBoot 吞吐量神技!

2022-04-12 00:00:00 线程 调用 返回 方法 超时

来源:https://xhcom.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88046026


一、异步执行


实现方式二种:


1. 使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类:添加@EnableAsync注解


2. JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture

@AllArgsConstructorpublic class AskThread implements Runnable{    private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null;
public void run() { int myRe = ; try { myRe = re.get() * re.get(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(myRe);    }
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>(); new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start(); //模拟长时间的计算过程 Thread.sleep(1000); //告知完成结果 future.complete(60); }}


在该示例中,启动一个线程,此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据,执行到 myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程,并将计算结果告诉future执行结果,AskThread线程将会继续执行。

public class Calc {    public static Integer calc(Integer para) {        try {            //模拟一个长时间的执行            Thread.sleep(1000);        } catch (InterruptedException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return para * para;    }
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50)) .thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i)) .thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"") .thenAccept(System.out::println); future.get(); }}


CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例,在supplyAsync()方法中,它会在一个新线程中,执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法,这个方法可能是比较慢的,但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度,supplyAsync()会立即返回。


而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约,在将来任何场合,用于获得终的计算结果。


supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况,CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时,使用这个方法比较多。这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下,都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行,而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon(守护)线程,所以,当主线程结束时,这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。


核心代码:

CompletableFuture.runAsync(() ->   this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id));


异步调用使用Callable来实现

@RestController  public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);
@Autowired private HelloService hello; @GetMapping("/helloworld") public String helloWorldController() { return hello.sayHello(); } /** * 异步调用restful * 当controller返回值是Callable的时候,springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理 * 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程,然后把response保持打开的状态 * 当Callable执行结束之后,springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求,然后DispatcherServlet就重新 * 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果, 然后返回视图 * * @return */ @GetMapping("/hello") public Callable<String> helloController() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); String say = hello.sayHello(); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); return say; } }; logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); return callable; }}


异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask

@RestController  public class HelloController {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);
@Autowired private HelloService hello; /** * 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间 * * @return */ @GetMapping("/world") public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); // 3s钟没返回,则认为超时 WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); String say = hello.sayHello(); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回"); return say; } }); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕"); } }); webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout"); // 超时的时候,直接抛异常,让外层统一处理超时异常 throw new TimeoutException("调用超时"); } }); return webAsyncTask; } /** * 异步调用,异常处理,详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类 * * @return */ @GetMapping("/exception") public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() { @Override public String call() throws Exception { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法"); throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!"); } }; logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回"); return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable);    }}


二、增加内嵌Tomcat的大连接数

@Configurationpublic class TomcatConfig {    @Bean    public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() {        TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();        tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer());        tomcatFactory.setPort(8005);        tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g");        return tomcatFactory;    }    class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer {        public void customize(Connector connector) {            Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler();            //设置大连接数            protocol.setMaxConnections(20000);            //设置大线程数            protocol.setMaxThreads(2000);            protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000);        }    }}

三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快


四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow(Jboss下的服务器,Tomcat吞吐量5000,Undertow吞吐量8000)

<exclusions>  <exclusion>     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>  </exclusion></exclusions>


改为:

<dependency>  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId></dependency>

五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲


六、Deferred方式实现异步调用

@RestControllerpublic class AsyncDeferredController {    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());    private final LongTimeTask taskService;
@Autowired public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) { this.taskService = taskService; }
@GetMapping("/deferred") public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法"); DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>(); // 调用长时间执行任务 taskService.execute(deferredResult); // 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时,会从长时间任务中返回,继续controller里面的流程 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回"); // 超时的回调方法 deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){ @Override public void run() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout"); // 返回超时信息 deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!"); } }); // 处理完成的回调方法,无论是超时还是处理成功,都会进入这个回调方法 deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){
@Override public void run() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion"); }  }); return deferredResult; }}


七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截

@Componentpublic class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor {  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class);  @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)   throws Exception {  return true; }  @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,   ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成,返回结果给客户端"); }  @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)   throws Exception {  if(null != ex){   System.out.println("发生异常:"+ex.getMessage());  } }  @Override public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)   throws Exception {    // 拦截之后,重新写回数据,将原来的hello world换成如下字符串  String resp = "my name is chhliu!";  response.setContentLength(resp.length());  response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes());    logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法"); }}


参考


  • https://my.oschina.net/u/3768341/blog/3001731

  • https://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/78744138


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