Greenplum安装

2023-03-13 00:00:00 修改 文件 节点 配置 安装

目录

1、安装说明

1.1、环境说明

1.2、集群介绍

1.3、修改主机名称

2、安装准备

2.1、修改各节点hosts(所有节点)

2.2、修改network文件(所有节点,名称有差异)

2.3修改内核文件(所有节点)

2.4、修改进程数文件(所有节点)

2.5、关闭防火墙(所有节点)

2.6、创建用户(各节点共享)

3、安装Greenplum DB

3.1、在Master节点上安装Greenplum

3.2、创建hostlist、seg_hosts文件

3.3、配置免密连接

4、初始化数据库

4.1、创建资源目录

4.2、环境变量配置(所有节点)

4.3、NTP配置

4.4、检查各节点的连通性

4.5、执行初始化

5、数据库操作

5.1、停止和启动集群

5.2、登陆数据库

5.3、集群状态

1、安装说明
1.1、环境说明






1.2、集群介绍
5台虚拟机,1个master节点,4个segment的集群,示例:

wuxiang-test-1(master)

wuxiang-test-2

wuxiang-test-3

wuxiang-test-4

wuxiang-test-5

1.3、修改主机名称
由于虚拟机重启后主机名称变为localhost,所以要永-久性地修改为wuxiang-test-1这种形式,进行如下操作:



2、安装准备
2.1、修改各节点hosts(所有节点)


[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.40.218 wuxiang-test-1
192.168.40.238 wuxiang-test-2
192.168.40.239 wuxiang-test-3
192.168.40.240 wuxiang-test-4
192.168.40.241 wuxiang-test-5


注:标注了所有节点的配置项可以在安装greenplum并配置免密后用gpssh统一操作3.3。

2.2、修改network文件(所有节点,名称有差异)
[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NISDOMAIN=QI
HOSTNAME=wuxiang-test-2
2.3修改内核文件(所有节点)


[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.swappiness = 10
kernel.shmmax = 500000000
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 4000000000
kernel.sem = 250 512000 100 2048
kernel.sysrq = 1
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.msgmni = 2048
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1025 65535
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
vm.overcommit_memory = 2  



后使配置生效:

[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# sysctl -p
2.4、修改进程数文件(所有节点)


[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.d/20-nproc.conf
# Default limit for number of user's processes to prevent
# accidental fork bombs.
# See rhbz #432903 for reasoning.

* soft nproc 4096
root soft nproc unlimited


2.5、关闭防火墙(所有节点)
查看防火墙状态:firewall-cmd --state

关闭防火墙:systemctl stop firewalld.service

禁止防火墙开机启动:systemctl disable firewalld.service

修改配置(所有节点):

[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/confin
SELINUX=disabled
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
2.6、创建用户(各节点共享)
groupadd -g 530 gpadmin
useradd -g 530 -u 530 -m -d /home/gpadmin -s /bin/bash gpadmin
chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /home/gpadmin
echo "gpadmin" | passwd --stdin gpadmin


3、安装Greenplum DB
3.1、在Master节点上安装Greenplum
安装包下载地址:https://network.pivotal.io/products/pivotal-gpdb/#/releases/413133/file_groups/1866

安装包是rpm格式的执行rpm安装命令:

[root@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# rpm -ivh greenplum-db-5.21.0-rhel6-x86_64.rpm
默认的安装路径是/usr/local。

将/usr/local/greenplum-db-5.21.0文件拷贝至所有节点(可以压缩再解压,也可以使用gpssh方式)

然后需要修改该路径gpadmin操作权限(所有节点):

chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /usr/local
chown -R gpadmin:gpadmin /opt
建立软连接(所有节点):

ln -s /usr/local/greenplum-db-5.21.0 greenplum-db
3.2、创建hostlist、seg_hosts文件
切换gpadmin用户,创建conf文件夹,



[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# cd conf/
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 conf]# cat hostlist
wuxiang-test-1
wuxiang-test-2
wuxiang-test-3
wuxiang-test-4
wuxiang-test-5
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 conf]# cat seg_hosts
wuxiang-test-2
wuxiang-test-3
wuxiang-test-4
wuxiang-test-5


3.3、配置免密连接


[root@ wuxiang-test-1 ~]# su gpadmin
[gpadmin@ wuxiang-test-1 ~]# source /usr/local/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
[gpadmin@ wuxiang-test-1 ~]# gpssh-exkeys -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist

[STEP 1 of 5] create local ID and authorize on local host
... /home/gpadmin/.ssh/id_rsa file exists ... key generation skipped

[STEP 2 of 5] keyscan all hosts and update known_hosts file

[STEP 3 of 5] authorize current user on remote hosts
... send to wuxiang-test-1
... send to wuxiang-test-2
... send to wuxiang-test-3
... send to wuxiang-test-4
... send to wuxiang-test-5
#提示:这里提示输入各个子节点gpadmin用户密码
[STEP 4 of 5] determine common authentication file content

[STEP 5 of 5] copy authentication files to all remote hosts
... finished key exchange with wuxiang-test-1
... finished key exchange with wuxiang-test-2
... finished key exchange with wuxiang-test-3
... finished key exchange with wuxiang-test-4
... finished key exchange with wuxiang-test-5
[INFO] completed successfully



测试免密是否成功:

[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# ssh wuxiang-test-4
或者用gpssh:



[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 ~]$ gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist
=> pwd
[wuxiang-test-1] /home/gpadmin
[wuxiang-test-4] /home/gpadmin
[wuxiang-test-5] /home/gpadmin
[wuxiang-test-3] /home/gpadmin
[wuxiang-test-2] /home/gpadmin
=> exit


显示上面内容,即为成功。

4、初始化数据库
4.1、创建资源目录


source /usr/local/ greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
gpssh -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist #统一处理所有节点

#创建资源目录 /opt/greenplum/data下一系列目录(生产目录个数可根据需求生成)
=> mkdir -p /opt/greenplum/data/master
=> mkdir -p /opt/greenplum/data/primary
=> mkdir -p /opt/greenplum/data/mirror
=> mkdir -p /opt/greenplum/data2/primary
=> mkdir -p /opt/greenplum/data2/mirror


4.2、环境变量配置(所有节点)


[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 ~]$ cat /home/gpadmin/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

source /usr/local/greenplum-db/greenplum_path.sh
export MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/opt/greenplum/data/master/gpseg-1
export GPPORT=5432
export PGDATABASE=gp_sydb



注:不能用gpssh编辑文件

让环境变量生效:

source /home/gpadmin/.bash_profile
4.3、NTP配置
启用master节点上的ntp,并在Segment节点上配置和启动NTP:



#master 节点
[root@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# echo "server 127.127.1.0" >>/etc/ntp.conf
#Segment节点
[root@wuxiang-test-2 ~]# echo "server wuxiang-test-1 perfer" >>/etc/ntp.conf
#master节点
[root@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# systemctl start ntpd
[root@wuxiang-test-1 ~]# systemctl enable ntpd


4.4、检查各节点的连通性


[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 bin]$ cd /usr/local/greenplum-db/bin
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 bin]$ gpcheckperf -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist -r N -d /tmp
/usr/local/greenplum-db/./bin/gpcheckperf -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist -r N -d /tmp

-------------------
-- NETPERF TEST
-------------------
[Warning] retrying with port 23012
[Warning] retrying with port 23024
[Warning] retrying with port 23036
[Warning] retrying with port 23048
[Warning] retrying with port 23060

====================
== RESULT
====================
Netperf bisection bandwidth test
wuxiang-test-1 -> wuxiang-test-2 = 110.490000
wuxiang-test-3 -> wuxiang-test-4 = 112.120000
wuxiang-test-5 -> wuxiang-test-1 = 108.990000
wuxiang-test-2 -> wuxiang-test-1 = 102.830000
wuxiang-test-4 -> wuxiang-test-3 = 112.010000
wuxiang-test-1 -> wuxiang-test-5 = 108.930000

Summary:
sum = 655.37 MB/sec
min = 102.83 MB/sec
max = 112.12 MB/sec
avg = 109.23 MB/sec
median = 110.49 MB/sec



我在安装过程中由于反复尝试了多次,出现了如下错误:



[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 bin]$ gpcheckperf -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist -r N -d /tmp
/usr/local/greenplum-db/./bin/gpcheckperf -f /home/gpadmin/conf/hostlist -r N -d /tmp

-------------------
-- NETPERF TEST
-------------------
[Warning] retrying with port 23012
[Warning] retrying with port 23024
[Warning] retrying with port 23036
[Warning] retrying with port 23048
[Error] unable to start netserver ... abort netperf test

====================
== RESULT
====================


经尝试是由于端口占用过多导致,gpcheckperf文件中默认是尝试5次,如果5次都没连通,则会报这个错误,由于未找到删除端口办法,所以修改了gpcheckperf文件中xrange为10次



4.5、执行初始化
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 bin]$ cd /usr/local/greenplum-db/docs/cli_help/gpconfigs
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 gpconfigs]$ cp gpinitsystem_config initgp_config
[gpadmin@wuxiang-test-1 gpconfigs]$ vim initgp_config
修改内容:



#目录与4.1创建的目录一致
declare -a DATA_DIRECTORY=(/opt/greenplum//data/primary /opt/greenplum//data/primary /opt/greenplum//data/primary /opt/greenplum//data2/primary /opt/greenplum//data2/primary /opt/greenplum//data2/primary)
declare -a MIRROR_DATA_DIRECTORY=(/opt/greenplum/data/mirror /opt/greenplum/data/mirror /opt/greenplum/data/mirror /opt/greenplum/data2/mirror /opt/greenplum/data2/mirror /opt/greenplum/data2/mirror)

ARRAY_NAME="gp_sydb"                        #初始化数据库名称
MASTER_HOSTNAME=wuxiang-test-1                   #主节点名称
MASTER_DIRECTORY=/opt/greenplum/data/master
MASTER_DATA_DIRECTORY=/opt/greenplum/data/master/gpseg-1
DATABASE_NAME=gp_sydb
MACHINE_LIST_FILE=/home/gpadmin/conf/seg_hosts


执行初始化:

View Code

若初始化失败,则重新执行4.1,删除已初始化的数据。

执行psql -d postgres进入到数据库,则说明安装完成。



5、数据库操作
5.1、停止和启动集群
gpstop -M fast
gpstart -a
5.2、登陆数据库
$ psql -d postgres
5.3、集群状态
gpstate -e #查看mirror的状态
gpstate -f #查看standby master的状态
gpstate -s #查看整个GP群集的状态
gpstate -i #查看GP的版本
gpstate --help #帮助文档,可以查看gpstate更多用法
目前为止数据库已经操作完毕。默认只有本地可以连数据库,如果需要别的I可以连,需要修改gp_hba.conf文件。


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