在 Python 中使用设置文件的最佳做法是什么?

2022-01-14 00:00:00 python parsing settings configuration yaml

问题描述

我有一个带有很多参数的命令行脚本.我现在已经到了一个论点太多的地步，我也想有一些字典形式的论点.

I have a command line script that I run with a lot of arguments. I have now come to a point where I have too many arguments, and I want to have some arguments in dictionary form too.

所以为了简化事情，我想用设置文件来运行脚本.我真的不知道要使用哪些库来解析文件.这样做的最佳做法是什么?我当然可以自己敲出一些东西，但是如果有一些图书馆可以解决这个问题，我会全力以赴.

So in order to simplify things I would like to run the script with a settings file instead. I don't really know what libraries to use for the parsing of the file. What's the best practice for doing this? I could of course hammer something out myself, but if there is some library for this, I'm all ears.

一些要求":

  • 而不是使用 pickle，我希望它是一个易于阅读和编辑的简单文本文件.
  • 我希望能够在其中添加类似字典的数据，即应该支持某种形式的嵌套.
  • Rather than using pickle I would like it to be a straight forward text file that can easily be read and edited.
  • I want to be able to add dictionary-like data in it, i.e., some form of nesting should be supported.

一个简化的伪示例文件:

A simplified pseudo example file:

truck:
    color: blue
    brand: ford
city: new york
cabriolet:
    color: black
    engine:
        cylinders: 8
        placement: mid
    doors: 2

解决方案

你可以有一个普通的 Python 模块，比如 config.py，像这样:

You can have a regular Python module, say config.py, like this:

truck = dict(
    color = 'blue',
    brand = 'ford',
)
city = 'new york'
cabriolet = dict(
    color = 'black',
    engine = dict(
        cylinders = 8,
        placement = 'mid',
    ),
    doors = 2,
)

并像这样使用它:

import config
print(config.truck['color'])

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