如何在 Windows 中使用 Python 删除只读属性目录?

When I tried to remove this directory with shutil.rmtree(TEST_OBJECTS_DIR) command, I got the following error message.

WindowsError: [Error 5] Access is denied: 'C:...environment.txt'

• 问:如何更改整个目录结构中所有内容的属性?
• Q : How can I change the attribute of everything in a whole directory structure?

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解决方案

如果你正在使用 shutil.rmtree，你可以使用该函数的 onerror 成员来提供一个函数，该函数接受三个参数:函数、路径和异常信息.您可以在删除树时使用此方法将只读文件标记为可写.

If you are using shutil.rmtree, you can use the onerror member of that function to provide a function that takes three params: function, path, and exception info. You can use this method to mark read only files as writable while you are deleting your tree.

import os, shutil, stat

def on_rm_error( func, path, exc_info):
    # path contains the path of the file that couldn't be removed
    # let's just assume that it's read-only and unlink it.
    os.chmod( path, stat.S_IWRITE )
    os.unlink( path )

shutil.rmtree( TEST_OBJECTS_DIR, onerror = on_rm_error )

现在，公平地说，可以出于多种原因调用错误函数.'func' 参数可以告诉您哪个函数失败"(os.rmdir() 或 os.remove()).你在这里做什么取决于你希望你的 rmtree 有多防弹.如果它真的只是需要将文件标记为可写的情况，你可以做我上面做的事情.如果您想更加小心(即确定是否无法删除目录，或者在尝试删除文件时是否存在共享冲突)，则必须将适当的逻辑插入 on_rm_error() 函数.

Now, to be fair, the error function could be called for a variety of reasons. The 'func' parameter can tell you what function "failed" (os.rmdir() or os.remove()). What you do here depends on how bullet proof you want your rmtree to be. If it's really just a case of needing to mark files as writable, you could do what I did above. If you want to be more careful (i.e. determining if the directory coudln't be removed, or if there was a sharing violation on the file while trying to delete it), the appropriate logic would have to be inserted into the on_rm_error() function.