使用 strptime 将带偏移量的时间戳转换为 datetime obj

2022-01-13 00:00:00 python datetime timestamp rfc3339

问题描述

我正在尝试转换格式为2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00"的时间戳使用 strptime 方法到 python 中的日期时间对象.问题在于最后的时间偏移(-07:00).没有偏移我可以成功

I am trying to convert time-stamps of the format "2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00" to datetime objects in python using strptime method. The problem is with the time offset at the end(-07:00). Without the offset i can successfully do

time_str = "2012-07-24T23:14:29"

time_obj=datetime.datetime.strptime(time_str,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')

但是我尝试了偏移量

time_str = "2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00"

time_obj=datetime.datetime.strptime(time_str,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S-%z').

但它给出了一个值错误，说z"是一个错误的指令.

But it gives a Value error saying "z" is a bad directive.

有什么解决办法吗?

解决方案

Python 2 strptime() 函数确实不支持 %z 格式的时区(因为底层 time.strptime() 函数不支持).你有两个选择:

The Python 2 strptime() function indeed does not support the %z format for timezones (because the underlying time.strptime() function doesn't support it). You have two options:

  • 使用strptime解析时忽略时区:

time_obj = datetime.datetime.strptime(time_str[:19], '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')

  • 使用 dateutil 模块，它是解析函数确实处理时区:

    from dateutil.parser import parse
time_obj = parse(time_str)

    • 命令提示符下的快速演示:

    Quick demo on the command prompt:

    >>> from dateutil.parser import parse
>>> parse("2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00")
datetime.datetime(2012, 7, 24, 23, 14, 29, tzinfo=tzoffset(None, -25200))

    您还可以升级到 Python 3.2 或更高版本，其中的时区支持已经改进到 %z 可以工作，前提是您从输入，以及 %z 之前的 -:

    You could also upgrade to Python 3.2 or newer, where timezone support has been improved to the point that %z would work, provided you remove the last : from the input, and the - from before the %z:

    >>> import datetime
>>> time_str = "2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00"
>>> datetime.datetime.strptime(time_str, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/mj/Development/Library/buildout.python/parts/opt/lib/python3.4/_strptime.py", line 500, in _strptime_datetime
    tt, fraction = _strptime(data_string, format)
  File "/Users/mj/Development/Library/buildout.python/parts/opt/lib/python3.4/_strptime.py", line 337, in _strptime
    (data_string, format))
ValueError: time data '2012-07-24T23:14:29-07:00' does not match format '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z'
>>> ''.join(time_str.rsplit(':', 1))
'2012-07-24T23:14:29-0700'
>>> datetime.datetime.strptime(''.join(time_str.rsplit(':', 1)), '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z')
datetime.datetime(2012, 7, 24, 23, 14, 29, tzinfo=datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(-1, 61200)))

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