我在哪里为 Qt 设计器的单个提升 QWidget 编写类

2022-01-12 00:00:00 python pyqt pyqt5 python-3.6 qt-designer

问题描述

我阅读、测试和理解了很多 Qt 设计器的 QWidgets 使用示例，这些示例被提升为 PyQt5.尽管如此，我无法为自己处理一个简单的例子.

I read, test and understand a lot of examples for usage of QWidgets from Qt designer, which are promoted to PyQt5. Nevertheless I am not able to deal with a simple example for my own.

下面我展示了我的代码，它不起作用并尝试解释.

Beneath I show my code, which is not working and try to explain.

在 Qt 设计器中，我创建了一个简单的 QMainWindow，命名为标准化的 MainWindow

in Qt desginer i create a simple QMainWindow, named standardized as MainWindow

在我创建单个标签 QLabel.我将其提升为neuLabel"类并将其命名为 labelqt.带有 Add 、标题 neulabel.h 和提升的窗口 --> 一切都很好.

Within I create a single label QLabel. This I promote to class "neuLabel" and name it labelqt. The window with, Add , the header neulabel.h and promote --> everything is fine.

我明白，我必须为类 neuLabel 编写代码.但是:在哪里做呢?

I understand, that I have to write code for the class neuLabel. But: WHERE to do it?

通过非常简单的示例，我尝试了这样的:

With very simple example I tried it like this:

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, uic
import sys
uifile_1 = 'testpromote.ui'
form_1, base_1 = uic.loadUiType(uifile_1)
class neuLabel(QLabel, QPixmap):
    def __init__(self,title,pixmap,parent):
    super().__init__(title,parent)
    self.setAcceptDrops(True)
def mousePressEvent(self, e):
    QLabel.mousePressEvent(self, e)
    if e.button() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
        print('press')
class myApp(base_1, form_1):
    def __init__(self):
        super(base_1,self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = myApp()   #Dialog()
    ex.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())

错误是这样的

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/jf/PycharmProjects/myMuhaInp/testpromote.py", line 5, in <module>
    form_1, base_1 = uic.loadUiType(uifile_1)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/PyQt5/uic/__init__.py", line 201, in loadUiType
    exec(code_string.getvalue(), ui_globals)
  File "<string>", line 37, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'neulabel'

我真的不明白，在哪里对类neulabel进行编码(我确实尝试了很多示例.(在没有示例中，我发现，是单个QWidget的推广)

I really don't understand, WHERE to code the class neulabel (and I really tried a lot of examples. (In no example, I found, is the promotion of a single QWidget)

解决方案

在你所有的代码出现错误之前:为什么需要一个继承自 QLabel 和 QPixmap 的类?我不明白这一点，QLabel 使用 QPixmap(composition)，QLabel is 不是 QPixmap(inherency).

Before all your code has an error: Why do you need a class that inherits from QLabel and QPixmap? I don't see the point, a QLabel uses a QPixmap(composition), a QLabel is not a QPixmap(inherency).

对于要提升的小部件，它必须具有以下规则(我在文档中没有找到它们):

For a widget to be promoted it must have the following rules (I did not find them in the docs):

  • 小部件的构造函数必须有一个参数，并且必须是父级.

  • The constructor of the widget must have a single parameter and must be the parent.

该类不能在使用它的同一文件中，因为它可以创建循环导入.

The class must not be in the same file where it is used since it can create a circular import.

小部件促销表单要求提供 2 个数据:

The widget promotion form asks for 2 data:

  1. 提升的类名，必须是类名.
  2. 头文件 必须是类所在文件的位置(在 C++ 中，根据自定义规则，文件名与类名相同，但使用小写字母，但在 python 中不符合).

  1. Promoted class name which must be the name of the class.
  2. Header file which must be the location of the file where the class is (in C++ by custom rule the name of the file is the same name of the class but with lowercase letters, but in python it does not comply).

例如，如果FooClass"被放置为Promoted class name并且a/b/c"或abc"被放置在头文件中，它将被翻译到 from abc import Foo 确认这是正确的.

For example if "FooClass" is placed as Promoted class name and "a/b/c" or "a.b.c" is placed in Header file it will be translated to from a.b.c import Foo so verify that this is correct.

示例:

考虑到上述情况，最简单的实现是创建一个.py，其中要提升的类是:

Considering the above, the simplest implementation is to create a .py where the class to be promoted is:

neulabel.py

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets


class NeuLabel(QtWidgets.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.setAcceptDrops(True)

    def mousePressEvent(self, e):
        super().mousePressEvent(e)
        if e.button() == QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
            print("press")

然后在.ui中你必须在表格中填写以下内容，按添加"按钮，然后按推广"按钮

Then in the .ui you must fill in the following in the form, press the "Add" button and then the "Promote" button

生成以下 .ui:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ui version="4.0">
 <class>MainWindow</class>
 <widget class="QMainWindow" name="MainWindow">
  <property name="geometry">
   <rect>
    <x>0</x>
    <y>0</y>
    <width>800</width>
    <height>600</height>
   </rect>
  </property>
  <property name="windowTitle">
   <string>MainWindow</string>
  </property>
  <widget class="QWidget" name="centralwidget">
   <widget class="NeuLabel" name="label">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>120</x>
      <y>160</y>
      <width>251</width>
      <height>191</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="text">
     <string>TextLabel</string>
    </property>
   </widget>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menubar">
   <property name="geometry">
    <rect>
     <x>0</x>
     <y>0</y>
     <width>800</width>
     <height>26</height>
    </rect>
   </property>
  </widget>
  <widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusbar"/>
 </widget>
 <customwidgets>
  <customwidget>
   <class>NeuLabel</class>
   <extends>QLabel</extends>
   <header>neulabel</header>
  </customwidget>
 </customwidgets>
 <resources/>
 <connections/>
</ui>

然后在主文件中使用:

import os
import sys

from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, uic

CURRENT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

uifile_1 = os.path.join(CURRENT_DIR, "testpromote.ui")
form_1, base_1 = uic.loadUiType(uifile_1)


class myApp(base_1, form_1):
    def __init__(self):
        super(base_1, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = myApp()
    ex.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


├── main.py
├── neulabel.py
└── testpromote.ui

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