Python 2.7:如何弥补缺少的 pool.starmap?

2022-01-12 00:00:00 python python-2.7 python-multiprocessing multiprocessing arguments

问题描述

我已经定义了这个函数

def writeonfiles(a,seed):
    random.seed(seed)

    f = open(a, "w+")
    for i in range(0,10):
        j = random.randint(0,10)
        #print j
        f.write(j)
    f.close()

其中 a 是包含文件路径的字符串，seed 是整数种子.我想以这样一种方式并行化一个简单的程序，即每个内核采用我提供的可用路径之一，为其随机生成器播种并在该文件上写入一些随机数，例如，如果我通过向量

Where a is a string containing the path of the file and seed is an integer seed. I want to parallelize a simple program in such a way that each core takes one of the available paths that I give in, seeds its random generator and write some random numbers on that files, so, for example, if I pass the vector

vector = [Test/file1.txt, Test/file2.txt]

和种子

seeds = (123412, 989898),

它为第一个可用的核心提供功能

it gives to the first available core the function 

writeonfiles(Test/file1.txt, 123412)

对于第二个具有不同参数的相同函数:

and to the second one the same function with different arguments: 

writeonfiles(Test/file2.txt, 989898)

我在 Stackoverflow 上查看了很多类似的问题，但我无法做出任何解决方案.我尝试的是:

I have looked through a lot of similar questions here on Stackoverflow, but I cannot make any solution work. What I tried is:

def writeonfiles_unpack(args):
    return writeonfiles(*args)
if __name__ == "__main__":
     folder = ["Test/%d.csv" %i for i in range(0,4)]
     seed = [234124, 663123, 12345 ,123833]
     p = multiprocessing.Pool()
     p.map(writeonfiles, (folder,seed))

并给我 TypeError: writeonfiles() 正好需要 2 个参数(1 个给定).

and gives me TypeError: writeonfiles() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given).

我也试过了

if __name__ == "__main__":
    folder = ["Test/%d.csv" %i for i in range(0,4)]
    seed = [234124, 663123, 12345 ,123833]
    p = multiprocessing.Process(target=writeonfiles, args= [folder,seed])
    p.start()

但它给了我
种子文件/usr/lib/python2.7/random.py"，第 120 行超级(随机，自我).seed(一)TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'

But it gives me
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/random.py", line 120, in seed super(Random, self).seed(a) TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'

最后，我尝试了上下文管理器

Finally, I tried the contextmanager

 @contextmanager
 def poolcontext(*args, **kwargs):
     pool = multiprocessing.Pool(*args, **kwargs)
     yield pool
     pool.terminate()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    folder = ["Test/%d" %i for i in range(0,4)]
    seed = [234124, 663123, 12345 ,123833]
    a = zip(folder, seed)
    with poolcontext(processes = 3) as pool:
    results = pool.map(writeonfiles_unpack,a )

它会导致文件/usr/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/pool.py"，第 572 行，在 get提高self._value

and it results in File "/usr/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 572, in get raise self._value

TypeError: 'module' 对象不可调用

TypeError: 'module' object is not callable

解决方案

Python 2.7 缺少 Python 3.3+ 中的 starmap 池方法.您可以通过使用包装器来装饰您的目标函数来克服这个问题，该包装器将参数元组解包并调用目标函数:

Python 2.7 lacks the starmap pool-method from Python 3.3+ . You can overcome this by decorating your target function with a wrapper, which unpacks the argument-tuple and calls the target function:

import os
from multiprocessing import Pool
import random
from functools import wraps


def unpack(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(arg_tuple):
        return func(*arg_tuple)
    return wrapper

@unpack
def write_on_files(a, seed):
    random.seed(seed)
    print("%d opening file %s" % (os.getpid(), a))  # simulate
    for _ in range(10):
        j = random.randint(0, 10)
       print("%d writing %d to file %s" % (os.getpid(), j, a))  # simulate


if __name__ == '__main__':

    folder = ["Test/%d.csv" % i for i in range(0, 4)]
    seed = [234124, 663123, 12345, 123833]

    arguments = zip(folder, seed)

    pool = Pool(4)
    pool.map(write_on_files, iterable=arguments)
    pool.close()
    pool.join()

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