python xml.etree.ElementTree 附加到子元素

2022-01-10 00:00:00 python elementtree xml xml-parsing

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 xml.etree.ElementTree 来解析一个 xml 文件，找到一个特定的标签，将一个子附加到该标签，将另一个子附加到新创建的标签，并将文本添加到后一个子.

I am trying to use xml.etree.ElementTree to parse a xml file, find a specific tag, append a child to that tag, append another child to the newly created tag and add text to the latter child.

我的 XML:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>text1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>text2</c>
   </b>
</a>
</root>

所需的 XML:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>text1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>text2</c>
   </b>
    <b>
      <c>text3</c>
   </b>
</a>
</root>

当前代码:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()


for x in root.iter():
    if (x.tag == 'a'):
        ET.SubElement(x, 'b')
        ET.SubElement(x, 'c')
        #add text

这似乎有效，除了 'c' 附加为 'a' 而不是 'b' 的子级

This seems to work except 'c' appends as a child of 'a' rather then 'b'

像这样:

<root>
<a>
    <b>
      <c>test1</c>
    </b>
    <b>
      <c>test2</c>
    </b>
  <b /><c/></a>
</root>

另外，如何向新创建的元素c"添加文本?我可以遍历，直到找到没有文本但必须有更好的方法的标签c".

Also, how do I add text to the newly created element 'c'? I could iterate through until I find the a tag 'c' that has no text but there must be a better way.

解决方案

需要指定b作为c的父元素.

You need to specify b as a parent element for c.

此外，为了获取 a 标记，您不需要循环 - 只需获取根 (a).

Also, for getting the a tag you don't need a loop - just take the root (a).

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

a = root.find('a')
b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
c = ET.SubElement(b, 'c')
c.text = 'text3'

print ET.tostring(root)

打印:

<root>
    <a>
        <b>
          <c>text1</c>
        </b>
        <b>
          <c>text2</c>
        </b>
        <b>
          <c>text3</c>
        </b>
    </a>
</root>

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