按索引对numpy数组的累积求和
问题描述
假设您有一个需要相加的值数组
Assume you have an array of values that will need to be summed together
d = [1,1,1,1,1]
第二个数组指定哪些元素需要相加
and a second array specifying which elements need to be summed together
i = [0,0,1,2,2]
结果将存储在大小为 max(i)+1 的新数组中.因此，例如 i=[0,0,0,0,0] 相当于将 d 的所有元素相加并将结果存储在位置 0 的大小为 1 的新数组.
The result will be stored in a new array of size max(i)+1. So for example i=[0,0,0,0,0] would be equivalent to summing all the elements of d and storing the result at position 0 of a new array of size 1.
我尝试使用
c = zeros(max(i)+1)
c[i] += d
但是，+= 操作只将每个元素添加一次，从而给出了
However, the += operation adds each element only once, thus giving the unexpected result of
[1,1,1]
而不是
[2,1,2]
如何正确实现这种求和?
How would one correctly implement this kind of summation?
解决方案
这个解决方案对于大型数组应该更有效(它迭代可能的索引值而不是 i 的单个条目):
This solution should be more efficient for large arrays (it iterates over the possible index values instead of the individual entries of i):
import numpy as np
i = np.array([0,0,1,2,2])
d = np.array([0,1,2,3,4])
i_max = i.max()
c = np.empty(i_max+1)
for j in range(i_max+1):
c[j] = d[i==j].sum()
print c
[1. 2. 7.]
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