在 mmap 文件中删除/插入数据
问题描述
我正在编写一个 Python 脚本,该脚本映射一个文件以使用 mmap() 进行处理.
I am working on a script in Python that maps a file for processing using mmap().
这些任务需要我更改文件的内容
The tasks requires me to change the file's contents by
- 替换数据
- 将数据添加到文件中的偏移处
- 从文件中删除数据(而不是删除)
只要旧数据和新数据的字节数相同,替换数据就很有效:
Replacing data works great as long as the old data and the new data have the same number of bytes:
VDATA = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(),0)
start = 10
end = 20
VDATA[start:end] = "0123456789"
但是,当我尝试删除数据(用"替换范围)或插入数据(用比范围长的内容替换范围)时,我收到错误消息:
However, when I try to remove data (replacing the range with "") or inserting data (replacing the range with contents longer than the range), I receive the error message:
IndexError: mmap 切片分配是尺寸不对
IndexError: mmap slice assignment is wrong size
这是有道理的.
现在的问题是,如何从 mmap 文件中插入和删除数据?通过阅读文档,我似乎可以使用一系列低级操作来回移动文件的全部内容,但如果有更简单的解决方案,我宁愿避免这样做.
The question now is, how can I insert and delete data from the mmap'ed file? From reading the documentation, it seems I can move the file's entire contents back and forth using a chain of low-level actions but I'd rather avoid this if there is an easier solution.
解决方案
在没有其他选择的情况下,我继续编写了两个辅助函数 - deleteFromMmap() 和 insertIntoMmap() - 来处理低级文件操作并简化发展.
In lack of an alternative, I went ahead and wrote two helper functions - deleteFromMmap() and insertIntoMmap() - to handle the low level file actions and ease the development.
关闭和重新打开 mmap 而不是使用 resize() 是由于 unix 上的 python 中的一个错误导致 resize() 失败.(http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-bugs-list/2003-May/017446.html)
The closing and reopening of the mmap instead of using resize() is do to a bug in python on unix derivates leading resize() to fail. (http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-bugs-list/2003-May/017446.html)
函数包含在一个完整的示例中.全局变量的使用取决于主项目的格式,但您可以轻松调整它以匹配您的编码标准.
The functions are included in a complete example. The use of a global is due to the format of the main project but you can easily adapt it to match your coding standards.
import mmap
# f contains "0000111122223333444455556666777788889999"
f = open("data","r+")
VDATA = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(),0)
def deleteFromMmap(start,end):
global VDATA
length = end - start
size = len(VDATA)
newsize = size - length
VDATA.move(start,end,size-end)
VDATA.flush()
VDATA.close()
f.truncate(newsize)
VDATA = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(),0)
def insertIntoMmap(offset,data):
global VDATA
length = len(data)
size = len(VDATA)
newsize = size + length
VDATA.flush()
VDATA.close()
f.seek(size)
f.write("A"*length)
f.flush()
VDATA = mmap.mmap(f.fileno(),0)
VDATA.move(offset+length,offset,size-offset)
VDATA.seek(offset)
VDATA.write(data)
VDATA.flush()
deleteFromMmap(4,8)
# -> 000022223333444455556666777788889999
insertIntoMmap(4,"AAAA")
# -> 0000AAAA22223333444455556666777788889999
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